Trovafloxacin: A New Fluoroquinolone

Alghasham, Abdullah; Nahata, Milap C.

doi:10.1345/aph.17460

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…ALA is the prodrug of TRO and is suitable for intravenous administration owing to its enhanced solubility in water; in this case, the conversion of ALA into TRO rapidly takes place in plasma after intravenous administration. Both prodrugs (PRU and ALA) are undetectable in systemic circulation after administration or, in the particular case of ALA, 5 min after the infusion [31,34,35]. Because fluoroquinolones are not highly protein-bound and their metabolism by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system is limited to the CYP1A2 isoenzyme, fluoroquinolone interactions with other drugs are somewhat minimized [7].…”

Section: Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical methods for determination of new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography: a review

et al. 2012

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Fluoroquinolones are one of the most promising and intensively studied drugs of contemporary anti-infective chemotherapy. New fluoroquinolone antibacterials with improved pharmacokinetic properties and a broad spectrum of activity have been developed, opening new windows of opportunity for clinical use. To our knowledge, no comprehensive and critical review of the analytical methods for the determination of these agents, which correspond to the third- and fourth-generation quinolones, has yet been published. This work summarizes for the first time most of the liquid chromatographic methods reported in the literature for the separation and quantification of the new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations. A systematic and detailed survey of physicochemical properties, sample preparation procedures, and chromatographic and detection conditions is presented herein. In the course of this review several liquid chromatographic methods are discussed: reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), ion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (IEX-HPLC), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and other chiral chromatographic methods. Their advantages, applicability and limitations are also examined.

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Section: Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical methods for determination of new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography: a review

et al. 2012

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“…This association is supported primarily by the time course of the leukopenia (5 d after initiation of therapy) and its resolution (60 h after administration of last dose), which is consistent with the reported half-life of trovafloxacin in healthy patients and patients with normal liver function (~10 h). 6 The attribution of leukopenia to trovafloxacin is also supported by the exclusion of other potential causes of an acute decrease in the number of circulating leukocytes. One such cause could have been medications other than trovafloxacin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trovafloxacin-Associated Leukopenia

2001

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“…Indeed there is enough evidence to suggest that the study cannot be flawed on efficacy and tolerability issues. 43 In our view the scientific problem with the study was the apparent deficiency in concern for safety. Fluoroquinolones are not approved by the FDA for children, and trovafloxacin is not an exception.…”

Section: Scientific Validitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethical Problems in Conducting Research in Acute Epidemics: The Pfizer Meningitis Study in Nigeria as an Illustration

Ezeome

Simon

2010

Developing World Bioethics

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The ethics of conducting research in epidemic situations have yet to account fully for differences in the proportion and acuteness of epidemics, among other factors. While epidemics most often arise from infectious diseases, not all infectious diseases are of epidemic proportions, and not all epidemics occur acutely. These and other variations constrain the generalization of ethical decision-making and impose ethical demands on the individual researcher in a way not previously highlighted. This paper discusses a number of such constraints and impositions. It applies the ethical principles enunciated by Emmanuel et al.(1) to the controversial Pfizer study in Nigeria in order to highlight the particular ethical concerns of acute epidemic research, and suggest ways of meeting such challenges. The paper recommends that research during epidemics should be partly evaluated on its own merits in order to determine its ethical appropriateness to the specific situation. Snap decisions to conduct research during acute epidemics should be resisted. Community engagement, public notification and good information management are needed to promote the ethics of conducting research during acute epidemics. Individual consent is most at risk of being compromised, and every effort should be made to ensure that it is maintained and valid. Use of data safety management boards should be routine. Acute epidemics also present opportunities to enhance the social value of research and maximize its benefits to communities. Ethical research is possible in acute epidemics, if the potential challenges are thought of ahead of time and appropriate precautions taken.

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Trovafloxacin: A New Fluoroquinolone

Abstract: The advantages of once-daily dosing and enhanced activity of trovafloxacin against gram-positive and anaerobic organisms may expand its use over available fluoroquinolones. Further studies are needed to define its role in the treatment of various infectious diseases.

Cited by 21 publications

References 88 publications

Analytical methods for determination of new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography: a review

Analytical methods for determination of new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography: a review

Trovafloxacin-Associated Leukopenia

Ethical Problems in Conducting Research in Acute Epidemics: The Pfizer Meningitis Study in Nigeria as an Illustration

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