Troxerutin protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy through NF-κB/AKT/IRS1 in a rat model of type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Troxerutin is a bioflavonoid, which can be used to treat venous disorders, thrombosis and cerebrovascular diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that it may also be used to prevent edemas. However, it is not known whether troxerutin protects against the cardiomyopathic complications of diabetes. In the present study, a rat model of type 2 diabetes was used to investigate the potential for troxerutin to protect against diabetic cardiomyopathy, through changes to nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression. Troxerutin administration significantly reduced heart rate, blood pressure, blood glucose and plasma triglyceride levels across all measured time points. Furthermore, troxerutin significantly reduced reactive oxygen species levels, NF-κB protein expression, and suppressed the phosphorylated forms of AKT, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). These results suggested that troxerutin protects against cardiomyopathy via alterations in NF-κB, AKT and IRS1 signaling, in a rat model of type 2 diabetes.

Roles and Mechanisms of Herbal Medicine for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Current Status and Perspective

“…In vivo, Taxifolin attenuated the structure and function abnormalities by blocking NADPH oxidative activities. Troxerutin ( Figure 5(h) ), a bioflavonoid, protects against DCM through suppression of NF- κ B and JNK in a diabetic rat [ 93 ]. Hesperidin, a flavonoid isolated from citrus, has been shown to reduce oxidative stress and apoptosis and attenuate myocardial injury in isoproterenol-STZ rat via activation of PPAR- γ [ 94 ].…”

Transcriptomic analysis of gene expression in mice treated with troxerutin

“…Researches over the past decades have revealed that TX can act againstγ-radiation-induced lipid peroxidation, UV radiation and colon carcinogenesis[ 28 – 30 ]. Furthermore, TX can cure retinopathy and play a significant role in the management of type-2 diabetes mellitus[ 31 – 33 ]. Beside, TX can inhibit 2-AA + UVA radiation-induced DNA damage and environmental carcinogens, showing its potential therapeutic activities for cancer[ 34 ].…”

Current Status and Challenges of NRF2 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy

“…84) Many studies have shown that rutin alleviated DCM and improved cardiac function in animal models of both T1DM and T2DM. [85][86][87][88][89][90] Mechanistically, the protective effects of rutin on DCM are associated with the reduction of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. 85) Myricitin: Myricetin is a widely distributed flavonol compound found in many plants, including tea, berries, fruits, vegetables, wines, and medicinal herbs.…”