True Hallucinations in Non-Psychotic States<sup>*</sup>

Andrade, Chittaranjan; Srinath, Shoba; Andrade, A. Chitra

doi:10.1177/070674378903400714

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There are fairly good grounds for including these nonvolitional sources, apart from pragmatic considerations, as several authors have suggested a gradation of mental experience from perception to thought, encompassing dreams, imagery, and hallucinations in between (e.g., Barodawala & Mulley, 1997;Barrett & Caylor, 1998;Fischman, 1983;Horowitz, 1975). Moreover, others have suggested that many of these phenomena share common mechanisms with perception (e.g., Andrade, Srinath, & Andrade, 1989;Finke, 1980Finke, , 1985Kerr, 1993;Smith, 1992;Weiss & Heckers, 1999).…”

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confidence: 97%

Olfactory imagery: A review

Stevenson

Case

2005

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

115

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Olfaction's unique cognitive architecture, the apparently inconsistent evidence favoring imagery, and its difficulty of evocation have led some to conclude that there is no capacity for olfactory imagery. Using three streams of evidence, we examine the validity of this claim. First, self-reports of olfactory imagery can resemble those obtained for actual perception. Second, imagining an odor can produce effects similar to actual perception. Third, olfactory perception and memory-based images can interact. A model of olfactory imagery is then presented that utilizes the same systems employed in actual perception, with similar constraints. This model is consistent with olfaction's unique information-processing capacities and can account for previous experimental inconsistencies on the basis of difficulty of evocation, a consequence of unstable access to semantic information. In sum, the evidence presented here is favorable to the existence of an olfactory imagery capacity.

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confidence: 97%

Olfactory imagery: A review

Stevenson

Case

2005

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review

115

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“…In the lat ter, the hallucinations caused by the change of school section disappeared immediately with out any treatment through putting the patient back into her original school section. Conver sive hallucinations -both true hallucinations and pseudohallucinations -usually disappear quickly in response to neuroleptics or psycho therapy, even though they have continued for a long time before treatment [7][8][9][10][11], How ever, in Fitzgerald and Wells' [12] report the patient still experienced the hallucinations on occasion several months later. In Zain's [ 13] case, true auditory, visual, and somatic hallu cinations continued, being reduced in fre quency and duration, for 8 months of psycho therapy without medication.…”

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confidence: 99%

True Auditory Hallucinations as a Conversion Symptom

Nakaya

1995

Psychopathology

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Detailed descriptions of true hallucinations as a conversion symptom are rare in the psychiatric literature. The author presents a case with true conversive auditory hallucinations which paradigmatically demonstrates the usefulness of the concept in the treatment of such hallucinations. The phenomenon of true conversive hallucinations may contribute to the embryological understanding of mental disorders.

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“…Andrade and Spinath (1991) noted that 'true' hallucinations can occur in non-psychotic states, and are 'never pathognomic of any given disorder, but can be relatively specific' (in character).…”

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confidence: 97%

Visual hallucinosis in non‐delusional elderly

Beck

Harris

1994

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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SUMMARYThe goal of this article was to review the literature on visual hallucinations (VH) and, more specifically, the association of visual perceptual disorders with age, specific pathologies that are etiologically related to the VH, the anatomical location of the pathology, and the relation of the characteristics of the VH to the pathology and location of the lesions and, in addition, the importance of insight in the differential diagnosis of the VH. A total of 45 articles, representing 117 cases dating from 1940 to 1991, were reviewed. This review, although relying on information provided retrospectively, includes cases of VH from all disciplines and attempts to identify characteristics associated with this disorder. Our review does show an increased frequency of VH in the elderly, with almost 50% of the case reports in the past 50 years occurring in patients in their seventh and eighth decades. There was a large differential diagnosis of VH and there may be multifactorial causality. Eye pathology was the most frequent association with VH in patients over age 60 in our review, with cataracts accounting for over half of the cases reported within this group. Our review confirms that VH can occur as a result of a lesion anywhere within the visual perceptual system -from the lens to the association cortex.

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True Hallucinations in Non-Psychotic States^*

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Olfactory imagery: A review

Olfactory imagery: A review

True Auditory Hallucinations as a Conversion Symptom

Visual hallucinosis in non‐delusional elderly

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True Hallucinations in Non-Psychotic States*

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Olfactory imagery: A review

Olfactory imagery: A review

True Auditory Hallucinations as a Conversion Symptom

Visual hallucinosis in non‐delusional elderly

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True Hallucinations in Non-Psychotic States^*