Trunk exercise training improves muscle size, strength, and function in older adults: A randomized controlled trial

Shahtahmassebi, Behnaz; Hébert, Jeffrey J.; Hecimovich, Mark; Fairchild, Timothy J.

doi:10.1111/sms.13415

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Older subjects rely more strongly on excessive activity of their back muscles to regulate energy transfer during gait [9]. Previous studies have reported that back extensor muscle strength affects dynamic balance and postural control in older adults [19,20]. Greater ES muscle activity in this study may imply that back muscle activity is increased during the whole gait cycle in older people so as to stabilize the trunk and to maintain a dynamic balance in accordance with increased treadmill inclination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Correlation Between Cardiopulmonary Metabolic Energy Cost and Lower-limb Muscle Activity During Inclined Treadmill Gait in Older Adults

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

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Background: Inclined walking requires more cardiopulmonary metabolic energy and muscle strength than flat-level walking. This study sought to investigate changes in lower-limb muscle activity and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost during treadmill walking with different inclination grades and to discern any correlation between these two measures in older adults.Methods: Twenty-four healthy older adults (n = 11 males; mean age: 75.3 ± 4.0 years) participated. All participants walked on a treadmill that was randomly inclined at 0% (condition 1), 10% (condition 2), and 16% (condition 3) for five minutes each. Simultaneous measurements of lower-limb muscle activity and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost during inclined treadmill walking were collected. Measured muscles included the rectus abdominis (RA), erector spinae (ES), rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), vastus medialis (VM), tibialis anterior (TA), medial head of the gastrocnemius (GCM), and soleus (SOL) muscles on the right side. Results: As compared with 0% inclined treadmill gait, the 10% inclined treadmill gait increased the net cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost by 22.9%, while the 16% inclined treadmill gait increased the net cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost by 44.2%. In the stance phase, as the slope increased, activity was significantly increased in the RA, RF, VM, BF, GCM, and SOL muscles. In the swing phase, As the slope increased activity was significantly increased in the RA, RF, VM, BF, and TA muscles. SOL muscle activity was most relevant to the change in cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost in the stance phase of inclined treadmill walking. The relationship between the increase in cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost and changes in muscle activity was also significant in the VM, GCM, and RF.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that changes in SOL, VM, GCM, and RA muscle activity had a significant relationship with cardiopulmonary metabolic energy cost increment during inclined treadmill walking. These results can be used as basic data for various gait-training programs and as an indicator in the development of assistive algorithms of wearable walking robots for older adults. Trial registration: Clinical trials registration information: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04614857 (05/11/2020).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Correlation Between Cardiopulmonary Metabolic Energy Cost and Lower-limb Muscle Activity During Inclined Treadmill Gait in Older Adults

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Moreover, we noted that the level of tness of our patients was relatively low. For example, patients studied by us performed on average 12 repetitions in chair stand tests, whereas 64 older adults (≥ 60 years) studied by Shahtahmassebi et al [41] performed approximately 16 repetitions before undertaking exercise, and even 20 repetitions after 18 weeks of training. Roongbenjawan and Siriphorn [42] indicated that a low number of repetitions in this test may signi cantly increase the risk of falls, because people who reported falls were able to perform only approximately nine repetitions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in Obese, Insulin-Dependent Diabetics with Hypertension

Krzysztoszek¹,

Maciaszek²,

Bronikowski³

et al. 2020

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Background: Several recent studies have reported significantly larger declines in relative physical fitness (PF) of patients with diabetes (DM) versus those without diabetes. In our study, we set out to establish that the presence of DM in obese patients with hypertension (HT) is linked to a significant decrease in physical activity (PA), and also to PF which is important for ensuring mobility, independence at an elderly age, and efficiency in everyday life. We also sought to demonstrate the protective role of PA and PF, and to show that more attention must be paid to the importance of both PA and PF in prevention and therapy of non-communicable diseases. The study assessed the relationships between the current level of PA and PA in childhood and the level of PF of obese people aged 40+ with co-existing HT.Methods: The study included 82 obese patients with co-existing HT in their history. In order to assess the level of PA we used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). PF was assessed by observing the performance of patients in seven selected tasks (Fitness Test): 30 Second Chair Stand, Handgrip Strength Test, Sit-and-Reach Test, One Leg Stand Test, Plank Test, Wall Squat Test, and 2-Minute Step-in-Place Test.Results: There was a significant differentiation in the amount of MET-min./week obtained for particular activities (vigorous, moderate, walking) by men (p=0.048) with significant grater amount of vigorous activity than moderate activity (p=0.024). When subjects were classified according to their IPAQ questionnaire category, 24.4% were classified as having a high level of PA, 45.1% a sufficient level, and 30.5% an insufficient level of PA. We noted that the higher the level of PA, the higher the PF – even in obese participants with HT. On the other hand, co-existing diabetes lowers almost all analyzed parameters, both biochemical and fitness ones. Conclusions: The analysed PF is probably not related directly to obesity of the participants or coexisting HT. On the other hand, the current PA level, the deficiency of which seems to be related to low PF and/or HT do seem to be related to the degree of PF.

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“…However, the direction and magnitude of postural sway associated with the presence or severity of HV remain inconclusive. Furthermore, previous studies have suggested that muscle mass is a potential confounder of the HV status and postural sway [8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hallux Valgus Deformity and Postural Sway: A Cross-sectional Study

Omae

Ohsawa

Hio

et al. 2021

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Background: Hallux valgus deformity has been reported to be associated with increased postural sway. However, the direction and magnitude of postural sway associated with hallux valgus remain inconclusive. We assessed the association between hallux valgus deformity and postural sway using a force plate.Methods: The subjects were 169 healthy volunteers, >40 years old (63 males, 106 females, average age: 66.0 ± 12.4 years old), who took part in an annual medical examination. We investigated the photographic hallux valgus angle (°), total trajectory length of the gravity center fluctuation (mm), area of the center of pressure (mm2), mediolateral and anteroposterior postural sway (mm) in a standing position with 2-legged stance and eyes open, hallux pain (Numerical Rating Scale), trunk and lower limb muscle mass (kg). We classified the subjects into a hallux valgus group (n=44, photographic hallux valgus angle of 1 or both feet ≥20°) and a no hallux valgus group (n=125, photographic hallux valgus angle of both feet <20°) and analyzed the relationship between hallux valgus and postural sway. Results: The anteroposterior postural sway in the hallux valgus group (6.5 ± 2.8) was significantly greater than in the no hallux valgus group (5.4 ± 2.2, p=0.014), and the lower limb muscle mass in the hallux valgus group (12.4 ± 2.2) was significantly smaller than in the no hallux valgus group (13.5 ± 3.2, p=0.016). The total value of the photographic hallux valgus angle on both feet was positively correlated with the anteroposterior postural sway (p=0.021) and negatively correlated with the lower limb muscle mass (p=0.038). The presence of hallux valgus (p=0.024) and photographic hallux valgus angle were (p=0.008) independently related to the magnitude of anteroposterior postural sway. Conclusions: Hallux valgus deformity and its severity were positively associated with the magnitude of the anteroposterior postural sway. Trial registration: 2017-135. Registered 22 August 2017

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Trunk exercise training improves muscle size, strength, and function in older adults: A randomized controlled trial

Cited by 28 publications

References 46 publications

Correlation Between Cardiopulmonary Metabolic Energy Cost and Lower-limb Muscle Activity During Inclined Treadmill Gait in Older Adults

Correlation Between Cardiopulmonary Metabolic Energy Cost and Lower-limb Muscle Activity During Inclined Treadmill Gait in Older Adults

Relationship Between Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in Obese, Insulin-Dependent Diabetics with Hypertension

Hallux Valgus Deformity and Postural Sway: A Cross-sectional Study

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