Trying to Lose Weight: Diet Strategies among Americans with Overweight or Obesity in 1996 and 2003

Andreyeva, Tatiana; Long, Michael W.; Henderson, Kathryn E.; Grode, Gabrielle M.

doi:10.1016/j.jada.2009.12.029

Cited by 100 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Weight status moderated most relationships with repeated weight loss behaviours in that the risk of reporting these psycho-behavioural factors among this weight control group was only elevated among underweight/normal-weight individuals. The results of this study are in accordance with the literature where weight loss behaviours are prevalent, especially among overweight/obese individuals and women [1,16,17,26,27]. As seen in other populations [16,18], weight loss behaviours were also common among individuals with no current weight problem-24 % of normal-weight individuals in the present study reported trying to lose weight.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characteristics of individuals who report present and past weight loss behaviours: results from a Canadian university community

et al. 2013

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Purpose To characterise individuals who reported present and past weight loss behaviours on psycho-behavioural factors known to influence body weight, e.g. overeating, dietary restriction. Methods An online questionnaire was distributed to a university community. Questions pertaining to present weight loss, previous weight loss, eating behaviour tendencies, perceived stress and sleep quality were answered by 3,069 individuals. Body weight and height were selfreported. Results Present and past weight loss behaviours were prevalent in the sample, with 33.3 % of the participants who reported trying to lose weight, 33.1 % who reported having previously lost weight ([10 lbs), and 18.8 % who reported repeated weight loss behaviour (i.e. present and past weight loss behaviours). Trying to lose weight and previous weight loss were both independently associated with increased risk for psycho-behavioural characteristics known to be associated with obesity, e.g. overeating tendencies, perceived stress, short sleep duration. This risk was particularly elevated among the underweight/normalweight individuals who reported repeated weight loss behaviours. Indeed, adjusted odds ratios for reporting restrictive and overeating tendencies, perceived stress and short sleep for these individuals were significantly higher compared to their underweight/normal-weight peers who did not report repeated weight loss behaviours (adjusted odds ratios 4.7, 2.7, 1.8, and 1.8, respectively, p \ 0.01 to \0.0001). Conclusions Normal-weight individuals reporting weight loss behaviours are characterised by a psycho-behaviour profile which may further increase their risk of weight gain.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Characteristics of individuals who report present and past weight loss behaviours: results from a Canadian university community

et al. 2013

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“…In several large-scale studies in American community samples, it was estimated that about 13-44% of men and about 25-65% of women diet (Andreyeva, Long, Henderson, & Grode, 2010). These widely varying prevalence rates may result from time of study as there is an increasing trend in dieting over the past decade (Andreyeva et al, 2010), but also from the one item questions that are typically used to assess dieting in these epidemiological studies (e.g. 'During the past 12 months, have you tried to lose weight?…”

Section: Dietingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healthy diet: Health impact, prevalence, correlates, and interventions

Ridder

Kroese

Evers

et al. 2017

Psychology & Health

226

146

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Objective: To discuss healthy diet from a psychological perspective by considering definitions of healthy diet in terms of consumer understanding; the health effects of specific dietary elements in terms of overweight and (chronic) illness; the prevalence of healthy diet; the psychological and environmental determinants of healthy diet; and the psychological interventions that have been designed to promote healthy diet. Design: A systematic review of the psychological literature on healthy diet. Results: Our findings suggest that consumers have a relatively poor understanding of a healthy diet. The literature also demonstrates that there is poor evidence on the health protective effects of single foods or nutrients. We further show that low SES is the single consistent risk factor for not adhering to a healthy diet. Our review of the literature on determinants demonstrates that intentions, habits, self-regulatory skills, and the social and physical environment are the most important determinants of a healthy diet, which are in turn amenable to change by intervention strategies with varying levels of effectiveness. Educational interventions generally show a limited effect on practising a healthy diet whereas interventions targeting habitual behaviour and/or the physical environment seem more promising. Conclusions: In view of the large number of people who are concerned about their diets and make attempts to change their dietary patterns, we conclude that it is crucial to gain a better understanding of both the automatic and environmental influences that are responsible for people not acting upon their good intentions for diet change.

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“…Hence, in the context of weight concerns, an attention bias for food could contribute to dietary restraint and (behavioural) avoidance of food stimuli (21,23) . Considering that an obese person undertakes many dieting attempts (24)(25)(26) , and that obesity can be associated with body concerns (27) , it is possible that in the context of obesity an attention bias for food might reflect worry about food intake or concerns about weight and body shape. This implies that the interpretation of an attentional bias for food in obese individuals may not be so straightforward as sometimes is suggested.…”

Section: Proceedings Of the Nutrition Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

Worry or craving? A selective review of evidence for food-related attention biases in obese individuals, eating-disorder patients, restrained eaters and healthy samples

2014

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Living in an 'obesogenic' environment poses a serious challenge for weight maintenance. However, many people are able to maintain a healthy weight indicating that not everybody is equally susceptible to the temptations of this food environment. The way in which someone perceives and reacts to food cues, that is, cognitive processes, could underlie differences in susceptibility. An attention bias for food could be such a cognitive factor that contributes to overeating. However, an attention bias for food has also been implicated with restrained eating and eating-disorder symptomatology. The primary aim of the present review was to determine whether an attention bias for food is specifically related to obesity while also reviewing evidence for attention biases in eating-disorder patients, restrained eaters and healthy-weight individuals. Another aim was to systematically examine how selective attention for food relates (causally) to eating behaviour. Current empirical evidence on attention bias for food within obese samples, eating-disorder patients, and, even though to a lesser extent, in restrained eaters is contradictory. However, present experimental studies provide relatively consistent evidence that an attention bias for food contributes to subsequent food intake. This review highlights the need to distinguish not only between different (temporal) attention bias components, but also to take different motivations (craving v. worry) and their impact on attentional processing into account. Overall, the current state of research suggests that biased attention could be one important cognitive mechanism by which the food environment tempts us into overeating.Attention bias: Obesity: Craving: Restrained eating: Eating disorder Surrounded by an 'obesogenic' food environment?Obesity and overweight constitute a serious risk for psychological and physical wellbeing (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) . The WHO estimates that 2·8 million people die each year due to the adverse consequences of overweight and obesity (7,8) . Ultimately, obesity is caused by a long-lasting imbalance of energy intake and energy expenditure. This imbalance is mainly caused by excessive food intake (9,10) . Our 'obesogenic' food environment is characterised by an abundance of palatable, high-energy, cheap and convenient food that is constantly available and promoted aggressively (11,12) . Living in such an environment poses a serious challenge for maintaining a healthy weight. However, the majority of individuals have a healthy weight suggesting that not everybody is equally susceptible to the temptations of this obesogenic food environment. What explains these apparent individual differences in susceptibility? One hypothesis is that certain people find high-energy food more attractive and that this increased 'hedonic hunger' (13) leads to craving and (over)eating thereby contributing to weight gain and obesity. Cognitive processes (i.e. the way in which someone processes and perceives food temptations),

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Trying to Lose Weight: Diet Strategies among Americans with Overweight or Obesity in 1996 and 2003

Cited by 100 publications

References 37 publications

Characteristics of individuals who report present and past weight loss behaviours: results from a Canadian university community

Characteristics of individuals who report present and past weight loss behaviours: results from a Canadian university community

Healthy diet: Health impact, prevalence, correlates, and interventions

Worry or craving? A selective review of evidence for food-related attention biases in obese individuals, eating-disorder patients, restrained eaters and healthy samples

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