Trypanosoma evansi in capybara from Venezuela

Arias, José Francisco; García, Francisco; Rivera, Moisés Hinojosa; López, Roger

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-33.2.359

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Our sample had a prevalence of infection with T. evansi (30.9 %) similar to that of several previous studies of T. evansi infection in capybaras, all carried out in the same general habitat as our study (Morales et al, 1976: 26.6 %, N= 33; Nunes et al, 1993: 27 % N= 22; García et al, 2003: 19.4 %, N= 186), except one in which only 9% of the animals were infected (Arias, García, Rivera, & López, 1997). The difference may be real, or due to the method used by the authors, which consisted of direct observation of the parasite in a blood smear on a microscope slide which tends to miss less intense infections (lower parasite titers).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Trypanosoma evansi (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Rodentia: Hydrochoeridae): prevalence, effect and sexual selection

Herrera¹,

Castro²

2017

RBT

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Parasites play a crucial role in the ecology of animals. They also appear to be important in mechanisms underlying sexual selection processes. In this article we study the prevalence, effect and potential role in sexual selection of the protozoon Trypanosoma evansi in capybaras, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris. We collected our samples from the annual capybara cull of a ranch in Venezuela, using the volume of the snout scent gland as an indicator of dominance; the residuals of body weight as indicators of condition; and the residuals of the spleen mass as indicators of immune function. Overall prevalence was 30.9 % (N= 97) with no difference between males and females, and no relation between infection with T. evansi and condition. However, we found that infected animals had larger spleens (residuals), indicating an immunological cost of the infection. Furthermore, males with larger snout scent glands (more dominant) were less likely to be infected than males with smaller glands (less dominant), suggesting that by choosing males with a large glands, females may be using the gland as an indicator of health, which is consistent with the "good genes" view of sexual selection. Rev. Biol. Trop. Parasites are important factors in the dynamics of their host's populations (Pedersen & Greives, 2008) by affecting their survival, reproduction (Albon et al., 2002) and behavior (Berdoy, Webster, & Macdonald, 2000). However, suspected parasites can often be commensals or even mutualistic symbionts (Ewald, 1987). Even when clear phenotypic effects of a parasitic infection are not apparent, an infection can carry a significant immunological cost (Lochmiller & Deerenberg, 2000). Parasites have also been hypothesized as central role players in the process of sexual selection. Thus, Hamilton and Zuk (1982) have argued -and presented evidence-that it is advantageous for a male bird to advertise his lack of parasites by developing and showing off bright coloration in his plumage. Such a display, being costly, would be an honest signal of condition which females could use to choose good quality males (Grafen, 1990;Keyser & Hill, 2000). In mammals, other features such as antlers or manes may play the same role as do colors in birds. In particular, the development of a scent gland and scent marking behavior may be subject to sexual selection (e.g. bats, Voigt et al., 2008; review by Penn & Potts, 1998) and may function as honest signals of health (Zala, Potts, & Penn, 2004).Capybaras, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1758), large (50 kg), grazing rodents, are common in the savannahs and wetlands of tropical and subtropical South America (Ojasti, 1973), where they live in stable social groups composed of both males and females, with an average of 3-4 male and 6-7 female adults per group (Herrera & Macdonald, 1987;Herrera, Salas, Congdon, Corriale, & Tang-Martínez, 2011). In these groups, a clear-cut and long-lasting dominance hierarchy is evident among the males: the dominant male is usually able to win all encounters against m...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Trypanosoma evansi (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Rodentia: Hydrochoeridae): prevalence, effect and sexual selection

Herrera¹,

Castro²

2017

RBT

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“…In a study of 559 capybaras from the same country, the prevalence varied from 9% using the microhematocrit technique 71 to 50% using an IFAT test. 72 In the Pantanal‐Brazil, T. evansi also infects coatis ( Nasua nasua ), dogs, capybaras 73,74 and small wild rodents. 75 It is enzootic in this region, which has a population of 49,000 horses.…”

Section: Current Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Trypanosomiasis in South America: Current Status, Partnership, and Information Technology

Dávila

Silva²

2000

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Animal trypanosome species of economical importance in South America include T. vivax and T. evansi. Both species are described in Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, French Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. In Argentina and Guyana, only T. evansi and T. vivax are found, respectively. Our studies on T. vivax indicated that the parasite was spreading around 1.3 km per day in Bolivia. We found severe leukopenia in bovines from Pantanal (Brazil) and the Department of Santa Cruz (Bolivia). Because it can cause immunosupression, the importance of trypanosomiasis control in ensuring success of vaccination campaigns against foot and mouth disease (FMD) in the Pantanal and Bolivia should be considered. The use of one needle for several animals during FMD campaigns in Brazil and Bolivia could also contribute to the spread of T. vivax. The anticipated losses due to T. vivax could exceed $160 million, assuming there are 11 million head of cattle in the Brazilian Pantanal and Bolivian lowlands. International collaboration among research institutes is needed to deal with these diseases and parasites. Previous efforts using information technologies resulted in the creation of two discussion lists (Tryplink and Trypan), the edition of the on‐line version of Trypnews and Internet conferences.

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“…In Colombia, Morales et al (1978) found that Cruorifilariatuberocauda damaged tissue in the kidney, lungs and myocardium (Table 4). Arias et al (1997)…”

Section: Viral Pathogens In the Agoutimentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious Diseases of Six Non-Domesticated Neo-Tropical Animals In Trinidad and Tobago

Lall¹,

Jones²,

Garcia³

2018

IJTVBR

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This review serves to shed light on some common infectious diseases: their names, prevalence, site of infection and diagnostic tools for identificationof six (6) neo-tropical animals that are found in Trinidad and Tobago with the potential for domestication. These are theagouti(Dasyprocta leporina/ D. agouti), lappe/paca (Cuniculus paca/ Agouti paca), capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris), manicou/opossum (Didelphis marsupialis insularis), collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu/ Peccari tajucu) and red brocket deer (Mazama americana).There is over Ninety (90) references were used, with the earliest being 1951 and the most recent being in 2017.Where literature was lacking, information from other species within the same genus was incorporated and identified clearly. It was interesting to note that the majority of animals, despite being infected with pathogenic organisms were clinically healthy. In animals that showed clinical signs of disease there was a large quantity of pathogens present. This manuscript sheds some light on the pathogens that may use these animals as natural reservoirs. This review paper also includes many of the earliest identification of these pathogens in Neo-tropical animals in specific geographic regions.

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Trypanosoma evansi in capybara from Venezuela

Cited by 31 publications

References 9 publications

Trypanosoma evansi (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Rodentia: Hydrochoeridae): prevalence, effect and sexual selection

Trypanosoma evansi (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris, Rodentia: Hydrochoeridae): prevalence, effect and sexual selection

Animal Trypanosomiasis in South America: Current Status, Partnership, and Information Technology

Infectious Diseases of Six Non-Domesticated Neo-Tropical Animals In Trinidad and Tobago

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