Trypanosomiasis-induced infertility in dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) bulls: changes in plasma steroids concentration and semen characteristics

Alqarawi, Abdulaziz A.; Omar, Haji; Abdel-Rahman, Hassan A.; El-Mougy, S. A.; El-Belely, M.S.

doi:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2003.10.013

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Male infertility has been reported following severe systemic or local infections [4,36,37]. In male camels, trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma evansi) has been asso-ciated with severe testicular degeneration following bouts of fever and development of immune complexes that compromise Sertoloi cell function [38,39]. Trypanosomiasis has also been associated with impairment of pituitary function, that may contribute to testicular degeneration and poor semen quality [39,40].…”

Section: Infectious Causes Of Infertility In the Malementioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious causes of reproductive loss in camelids

et al. 2006

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Reproductive losses in camelids are due to infertility, pregnancy loss, udder diseases and neonatal mortality caused by a variety of infectious diseases. Uterine infection and abortion represent the major complaint in camelid veterinary practice. The major infectious organisms in endometritis and metritis are E. coli and Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus. Abortion rates due to infectious diseases vary from 10% to more than 70% in some areas. Leptospirosis, toxoplasmosis and chlamydiosis have been diagnosed as the major causes of abortion in llamas and alpacas. In camels, brucellosis and trypanosomiasis represent the major causes of infectious abortion in the Middle East and Africa. Mastitis is rare in South American camelids. The prevalence of subclinical udder infection in camels can reach very high proportions in dairy camels. Udder infections are primarily due to Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus. Neonatal mortality is primarily due to diarrhea following failure of passive transfer and exposure to E. coli, rotavirus, coronavirus, Coccidia and Salmonella. This paper reviews the etio-pathogenesis of these causes of reproductive losses, as well as the major risk factors and strategies to prevent their occurrence.

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Section: Infectious Causes Of Infertility In the Malementioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious causes of reproductive loss in camelids

et al. 2006

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“…Parasites can impose costs on sperm production (Folstad and Skarstein 1997;Al-Qarawi et al 2004) and reduce ejaculate quality (Sekoni 1992;Masvaer et al 2004). Although the mechanism by which parasites directly affect reproductive performance is unclear, it is thought that they influence the nutritional status (Morris and Meek 1980) or induce hyperthermia (Rhodes 1975;Sekoni et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship between Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) sperm quality and level of parasitism

et al. 2010

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This paper examines the relationship between parasite infection rates and reproductive function in wild Iberian ibexes. The animals examined were 43 adult males shot during the rutting season. Gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematodes, intestinal cestodes and intestinal coccidia were determined by coprological analysis. Protozoa in the muscles were detected by biopsy. Epididymal spermatozoa were collected from recovered testes. Sperm motility, the integrity of the plasma membrane, sperm viability, sperm morphology and acrosome integrity were all evaluated. Bronchopulmonary nematode larvae were detected with a prevalence of 100% (mean intensity 216.8±65.8; index of dispersion 476.1, indicating an aggregated pattern). A negative correlation (R=-0.39; P<0.05) was found between the shedding of larval lungworms and the percentage of sperm morphological abnormalities. Although directional relationships could not be identified, the present findings suggest that reproductive effort imposes a cost in terms of depressed parasite resistance.

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“…Reduced calving rate in high surra risk areas could also be attributed to reduced fertility of infected bulls. While there is no available information as to the effect of surra on buffalo male fertility, T. evansi-infected bucks and dromedary bulls manifested testicular enlargement, poor semen quality and even aspermia that may indicate infertility (Ngeranwa et al, 1991;Al-Qarawi et al, 2004;Dargantes et al, 2005a). Emaciation and anaemia associated with surra (Damayanti et al, 1994) may have also contributed to low reproduction performance of buffalo cows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the impact of Trypanosoma evansi infection (surra) on buffalo population dynamics in southern Philippines using data from cross-sectional surveys

Dargantes

Mercado²,

Dobson

et al. 2009

International Journal for Parasitology

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Despite the widespread problem with surra (Trypanosoma evansi) in livestock, there are no published studies on its impact on host populations, probably because of the large financial and time cost involved in performing longitudinal studies. During 2002-6, a cross-sectional survey for T. evansi infection involving 1,732 buffaloes from 71 villages in southern Philippines was carried out. Other livestock animals (horses, cattle and goats) in every surveyed village were also tested for infection with T. evansi but domestic buffalo were the primary survey target. Seroprevalence ranged from 6% to 21% and 13% to 100% for buffalo in low and high risk areas, respectively. Key demographic parameters were estimated from the age structured distributions of the sampled buffalo population for each sex. All areas were dominated by females (69%) and the annual calving rate for areas of 100% and low seroprevalence was 15% and 47%, respectively. Males were removed at a relatively high annual rate of 27% in all areas. In the main reproductive years (4-10) female removal/mortality was <1% and 10% for low and high risk areas, respectively. Older females were removed/died at a rate similar to males regardless of area. In high risk areas there were consistently more 2-year than 1-year old females and the reverse was true for the low risk areas. This implies that females were imported to the high risk areas for breeding. By assuming a stable age structure and similar size populations in each area, it was estimated that 28% of female calves need to be moved from low to high risk areas to maintain the observed age structure. In high-risk areas, surra imposes significant financial losses due to reduced fertility, high mortality/removal rate and the necessity to import replacement buffalo.

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Trypanosomiasis-induced infertility in dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) bulls: changes in plasma steroids concentration and semen characteristics

Cited by 30 publications

References 35 publications

Infectious causes of reproductive loss in camelids

Infectious causes of reproductive loss in camelids

Relationship between Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) sperm quality and level of parasitism

Estimating the impact of Trypanosoma evansi infection (surra) on buffalo population dynamics in southern Philippines using data from cross-sectional surveys

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