Tryptophan Ameliorates Barrier Integrity and Alleviates the Inflammatory Response to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 Through the CaSR/Rac1/PLC-γ1 Signaling Pathway in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Liu, Guangmang; Gu, Ke; Wang, Fang; Jia, Gang; Zhao, Hua; Chen, Xiaoling; Wu, Caimei; Zhang, Ruinan; Tian, Gang; Cai, Jingyi; Tang, Jieyuan; Wang, Jing

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.748497

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Cytokines, such as TNF-α and various interleukins, are clearly involved in inflammatory response, inducing redistribution of tight junction proteins ( Chiba et al., 2006 ; Rhayat et al., 2019 ). Several evidence from mice and animal experiments verified that B. subtilis strains had beneficial anti-inflammatory effects ( Gong et al., 2016 ; Rhayat et al., 2019 ; Liu et al., 2021 ). Thus, we speculated the effects of B. subtilis LF11 on the inflammatory process occurring during S. braenderup H9812 infection to IECs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Bacillus subtilis LF11 Protects Intestinal Epithelium Against Salmonella Infection

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Enteric diseases caused by Salmonella are prevalent in poultry farming. With the forbiddance of antibiotics in feedstuff industry, Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) preparation as antibiotic alternatives against Salmonella infection has gained increasing attention recently. However, the protection modes of B. subtilis against Salmonella infection in broilers are strain-specific. In this study, probiotic B. subtilis LF11 significantly reduced diarrhea and mortality of broilers caused by Salmonella braenderup (S. braenderup) in spite of no inhibition effect on it in vitro. Here, the intestinal epithelial cells NCM460 were incubated to explore the protection of B. subtilis LF11 on intestinal epithelium against Salmonella. The results revealed that B. subtilis LF11 showed obvious exclusion activity with the decrease of adhesion and invasion of S. braenderup to NCM460 cells, accordingly with the increase of NCM460 cell survival compared with S. braenderup challenge alone. Meanwhile, RT-PCR and Western blot proved that the gene transcription and expression levels of four tight junction proteins in NCM 460 cells were upregulated, which was further confirmed by immunofluorescence observation. Besides, B. subtilis LF11 downregulated the gene transcription levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α induced by S. braenderup H9812. ELISA analysis also verified that B. subtilis LF11 reduced the IL-8 production significantly. In general, B. subtilis LF11 has the ability to protect the intestinal epithelium against Salmonella infection by reducing the Salmonella adhesion and invasion, enhancing the intestinal barrier and attenuating the enterocyte inflammatory responses, and has the potential as probiotics to prevent enteric diseases in broilers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Bacillus subtilis LF11 Protects Intestinal Epithelium Against Salmonella Infection

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Although the exact nature of antigen stimulation of the immune system remains unclear, evidence of B- and T-cell immunoactivation by inducible microbiota suggests that IBD is not caused by specific pathogenic antigens but by an intolerant microbiota in the gut. Antibodies targeting Saccharomyces cerevisiae , the E. coli membrane protein Omp C, and flagellin have been found in patients with IBD, and these antibodies have been associated with IBD development[ 50 ]. In addition, these antibodies have been detected in family members of IBD patients (who show the potential to acquire IBD).…”

Section: Aiec and Gut Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of adherent invasive Escherichia coli in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

Duan¹,

Dai²,

Wu³

2022

World J Clin Cases

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Gut microbiota imbalances play an important role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but no single pathogenic microorganism critical to IBD that is specific to the IBD terminal ileum mucosa or can invade intestinal epithelial cells has been found. Invasive Escherichia coli ( E. coli) adhesion to macrophages is considered to be closely related to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Further study of the specific biological characteristics of adherent invasive E. coli (AIEC) may contribute to a further understanding of IBD pathogenesis. This review explores the relationship between AIEC and the intestinal immune system, discusses the prevalence and relevance of AIEC in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients, and describes the relationship between AIEC and the disease site, activity, and postoperative recurrence. Finally, we highlight potential therapeutic strategies to attenuate AIEC colonization in the intestinal mucosa, including the use of phage therapy, antibiotics, and anti-adhesion molecules. These strategies may open up new avenues for the prevention and treatment of IBD in the future.

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“…Tryptophan can reduce inflammation by regulating phospholipase (Liu et al, 2021). Second, neuroactive ligand receptor pathway involves several key substances, such as serotonin and glutamate receptors, that are present in the tryptophan metabolism pathways (Keever et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of interventional effect and targets of Zhuyu pill in regulating and suppressing colitis and cholestasis

Zhang

Wen

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Zhuyu pill (ZYP) is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription composed of two drugs, Coptis chinensis Franch. and Tetradium ruticarpum (A. Jussieu) T. G. Hartley, and is commonly used in the clinical treatment of diseases of the digestive system. However, the mechanism underlying the effect of ZYP on colitis remains unclear. In this study, a colitis rat model was induced with 2,4,6-trinitro-benzenesulfonic acid (TNBS, 100 mg/kg) and treated with ZYP (low dose: 0.6 g/kg, high dose: 1.2 g/kg). Disease activity index, colonic weight index, and weight change ratio were used to evaluate the model and efficacy. LC-MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to measure differences in fecal metabolism and microorganism population among the control, model, low-dose ZYP, and high-dose ZYP groups. To elucidate the mechanism of interventional effect of ZYP, Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between fecal metabolism and fecal microbial number. High-dose and low-dose ZYP both exhibited significant interventional effects on colitis rat models, and high-dose ZYP produced a better interventional effect compared with low-dose ZYP. Based on a metabolomics test of fecal samples, significantly altered metabolites in the model and high-dose ZYP treatment groups were identified. In total, 492 metabolites were differentially expressed. Additionally, sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene in fecal samples revealed that the high-dose ZYP could improve TNBS-induced fecal microbiota dysbiosis. Ultimately, changes in tryptophan metabolism and Firmicutes and Gammaproteobacteria populations were detected after ZYP treatment in both colitis and cholestasis. Therefore, we conclude that tryptophan metabolism and Firmicutes and Gammaproteobacteria populations are the core targets of the anti-inflammatory effect of ZYP. These findings provide a scientific basis for further investigation of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ZYP in the future.

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Tryptophan Ameliorates Barrier Integrity and Alleviates the Inflammatory Response to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 Through the CaSR/Rac1/PLC-γ1 Signaling Pathway in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Cited by 26 publications

References 50 publications

Probiotic Bacillus subtilis LF11 Protects Intestinal Epithelium Against Salmonella Infection

Probiotic Bacillus subtilis LF11 Protects Intestinal Epithelium Against Salmonella Infection

Role of adherent invasive Escherichia coli in pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

Mechanism of interventional effect and targets of Zhuyu pill in regulating and suppressing colitis and cholestasis

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