2021
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.731701
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Tryptophan Catabolism and Inflammation: A Novel Therapeutic Target For Aortic Diseases

Abstract: Aortic diseases are the primary public health concern. As asymptomatic diseases, abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and atherosclerosis are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The inflammatory process constitutes an essential part of a pathogenic cascade of aortic diseases, including atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysms. Inflammation on various vascular beds, including endothelium, smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, and inflammatory cell infiltration (monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, et… Show more

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Cited by 31 publications
(20 citation statements)
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“…TRP is metabolized to various bioactive compounds through different metabolic pathways, which in turn participate in various physiological activities in the body and regulate body homeostasis. These TRYCATs include kynurenine(KYN), serotonin, melatonin, indole, tryptamine, vitamin B3, protein, etc ( 10 ). However, only free TRP can participate in metabolism and unbound TRP can be transported across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via non-specific and competitive Large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT).…”
Section: Tryptophanmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…TRP is metabolized to various bioactive compounds through different metabolic pathways, which in turn participate in various physiological activities in the body and regulate body homeostasis. These TRYCATs include kynurenine(KYN), serotonin, melatonin, indole, tryptamine, vitamin B3, protein, etc ( 10 ). However, only free TRP can participate in metabolism and unbound TRP can be transported across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via non-specific and competitive Large neutral amino acid transporter (LAT).…”
Section: Tryptophanmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This T cell proliferation inhibition may be associated with a sustained cell cycle arrest, where IDO blocks cells in the mid-G1 phase, and this inhibitory effect is selective and only applies to cells that are being activated ( 100 , 101 ). In contrast, activated CD4 + T cells can release TNF-γ, which induces LATs to transport TRP across the blood-brain barrier to the cytoplasm, maximizing TRP consumption in IDO-1-expressing cells, a process that involves the positive feedback mechanism of KYN-AhR ( 10 ). In addition, 3-HAA can lead to dysfunction and cell death of activated Th2 cells by inhibiting NF-κB.…”
Section: Regulation Of Trp Metabolism On Downstream Targetsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These mechanisms are including endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory cell phenotype and their infiltration, proliferation of smooth muscle cells, etc. (1). CVD, is the most prevalent cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic populations.…”
Section: Editorial On the Research Topic Metabolism Linking Immunity ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both of these, in reference to the mode of treatment and the indication of treatment, need to be revisited. The current recommendation for surgery based on a size of > 5 cm or an expansion of > 0.5 cm/year does not always hold prognostically true, as nearly half of dissections of the ascending aorta take place in vessels below the surgical thresholds [9]. This has led to the dawning that just the size of the aneurysm and its rate of progression are not enough for decision-making.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We need to look for causative pathways for their development and devise ways and means, including genetic manipulation and pharmacotherapy, to abort these pathways and to prevent aneurysm formation, so that the patients are channelled from surgical to medical approaches. Targeting inflammation through the tryptophan metabolism or kynurenine pathway is one such novel target [9]. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the molecular basis, and genetic and other regulatory networks, which trigger aneurysm formation, their subsequent expansion, dissection, and rupture.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%