Tryptophan Depletion, Executive Functions, and Disinhibition in Aggressive, Adolescent Males

LeMarquand, David; Pihl, Robert O.; Young, Simon N.; Tremblay, Richard E.; Séguin, Jean R.; Palmour, Roberta M.; Benkelfat, Chawki

doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(98)00029-3

Cited by 59 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Executive dysfunction (Giancola et al, 1996; LeMarquand et al, 1998), in particular poor inhibitory control, has been associated with impulsivity and IA (Buss and Plomin, 1975; Barratt, 1991; Vigil-Colet and Codorniu-Raga, 2004). In contrast, PM has been shown to be significantly correlated with level of psychopathic traits (i.e., emotion dysfunction (reduced guilt and empathy) and antisocial behavior; Murrie et al, 2004; Raine et al, 2006; Flight and Forth, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Inhibitory Control between Impulsive and Premeditated Aggression in Juvenile Inmates

Zhang

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inhibitory control dysfunction was considered a universal characteristic of violent offenders. The aim of this study was to examine differences in inhibitory control between two subtypes of violent youth; those displaying predominantly impulsive and those presenting predominantly premeditated aggression (PM). Forty-four juvenile offenders, defined on the basis of the Procedures for the Classification of Aggressive/Violent Acts (Stanford and Barratt, 2001) participated (N = 23: impulsive; N = 21 premeditated). A visual Go/NoGo task was used to compare behavioral responses and event-related potentials (ERPs) between groups. The task contained two letters (W and M), W was the Go stimulus and M the NoGo stimulus. The impulsive youth showed a significantly greater decrease in N2 latency for Go relative to NoGo trials than the premeditated aggressive youth. The differentiation in N2 amplitude between Go and NoGo (N2d) was negatively correlated with impulsivity of aggression. Both groups showed no significant central NoGo P3. Our findings suggest that impulsive violent youth show stronger prepotent responses and impaired conflict monitoring during early inhibitory control processing relative to premeditated aggressive youth. Both impulsive and premeditated violent youth may show impaired response inhibition at the late processing stage of inhibitory control.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Inhibitory Control between Impulsive and Premeditated Aggression in Juvenile Inmates

Zhang

Wang

Liu

et al. 2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Salomon and colleagues found that that ATD did not affect aggression as assessed by the Buss-Durkee Hostility-Guilt Inventory and the Overt Aggression Scale (OAS) [26]. Moreover, LeMarquand and coworkers also did not detect a relationship between acutely diminished central nervous 5-HT synthesis and aspects of impulsive [27], [28] or impulsive and aggressive behavior [28] in either young adults with a family history of alcoholism [28] or in young, aggressive males [27] using a modified Taylor task [28] and a go/no-go learning task [27], [28]. Of note, the negative findings of LeMarquand et al in their study of young, aggressive males was possibly due to a ceiling effect [27]; a subsequent study found a group-specific effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a behavioral measure, only high-aggressive subjects showed increased aggression after ATD; low aggressive subjects showed no difference. Overall, both group-specific [20], [21], [22], [26], [29], [30] and task-related characteristics [27], [28] must be taken into account to explain the currently available results (for an overview, see [31]). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Acute Tryptophan Depletion on Reactive Aggression in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Healthy Controls

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) has been linked to the underlying neurobiology of aggressive behavior, particularly with evidence from studies in animals and humans. However, the underlying neurobiology of aggression remains unclear in the context of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a disorder known to be associated with aggression and impulsivity. We investigated the effects of acute tryptophan depletion (ATD), and the resulting diminished central nervous serotonergic neurotransmission, on reactive aggression in healthy controls and adults with ADHD.Methodology/Principal FindingsTwenty male patients with ADHD and twenty healthy male controls were subjected to ATD with an amino acid (AA) beverage that lacked tryptophan (TRP, the physiological precursor of 5-HT) and a TRP-balanced AA beverage (BAL) in a double-blind, within-subject crossover-study over two study days. We assessed reactive aggression 3.25 hours after ATD/BAL intake using a point-subtraction aggression game (PSAG) in which participants played for points against a fictitious opponent. Point subtraction was taken as a measure for reactive aggression. Lowered rates of reactive aggression were found in the ADHD group under ATD after low provocation (LP), with controls showing the opposite effect. In patients with ADHD, trait-impulsivity was negatively correlated with the ATD effect on reactive aggression after LP. Statistical power was limited due to large standard deviations observed in the data on point subtraction, which may limit the use of this particular paradigm in adults with ADHD.Conclusions/SignificanceTogether with previous findings, the data provide preliminary evidence of an inverse association between trait-impulsivity and the ATD effect on reactive aggression after LP (as assessed by the PSAG) in patients with ADHD and that this relationship can be found in both adolescents and adults. Because of limited statistical power larger sample sizes are needed to find main effects of ATD/BAL administration on reactive aggression in adults with ADHD.

show abstract

“…In particular, the effects of MPH on 5-HT systems have not been well investigated. 5-HT has been reported to inhibit the motor activity (Geyer 1996) and impulsive behavior (Baumgarten and Grozdanovic 1995; LeMarquand et al 1998; Robbins et al 1998), which suggested that DR participates in the modulation of behaviors. Indeed, increasing scientific literature indicates that central serotonergic and dopaminergic systems interact with each other and play a critical role in the regulation of normal and abnormal behaviors, the dysfunction of the DA and 5-HT neurotransmitter systems contribute to various mental disorders (Di 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Dorsal raphe neuronal activities are modulated by methylphenidate

Tang

Dafny

2012

J Neural Transm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the electrophysiological properties of the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) neurons in response to the acute and repetitive administration of methylphenidate (MPH). Activities of DR neurons were recorded from non-anesthetized, freely behaving rats previously implanted bilaterally with permanent semi microelectrodes. The main findings were: (1) after initial (acute) administration of MPH (2.5 mg/kg i.p.) on experimental day one (ED1), 56 % of DR units significantly changed their firing rates. The majority of the responsive units (88 %) exhibited increased firing rate; (2) daily MPH injections were given on ED2 through ED6 followed by 3 washout days. On ED10, 83 % of the DR units significantly changed their baseline activity compared to the baseline activity on ED1; (3) after rechallenge MPH administration on ED10, 63 % of DR units exhibited significant change in their firing rate; the majority of the responsive units (76 %) exhibited a significant increase in their firing rate; (4) The effect of rechallenge MPH administration on ED10 was compared to the effect of initial MPH on ED1, 47 % DR units exhibited a further significant increase in their firing rate while 53 % DR units exhibited decrease or non-change in their firing rate which can be interpreted as electrophysiological sensitization or tolerance. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that acute MPH administration modulated the DR neuronal activities. Repetitive MPH administration modulated the baseline activities of DR units and elicited neurophysiological sensitization or tolerance. The results indicated that MPH affects DR neuronal activity.

show abstract

Tryptophan Depletion, Executive Functions, and Disinhibition in Aggressive, Adolescent Males

Cited by 59 publications

References 44 publications

Differences in Inhibitory Control between Impulsive and Premeditated Aggression in Juvenile Inmates

Differences in Inhibitory Control between Impulsive and Premeditated Aggression in Juvenile Inmates

The Effects of Acute Tryptophan Depletion on Reactive Aggression in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Healthy Controls

Dorsal raphe neuronal activities are modulated by methylphenidate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About