Tryptophan regulates bile and nitrogen metabolism in two pig gut lactobacilli species in vitro based on metabolomics study

Wu, Shizhe; Liu, Moyan; Chen, Hui; Song, Qingqing; Wu, Zhenlong; Dai, Zhaolai

doi:10.1007/s00726-022-03179-9

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Serine has been demonstrate to possess several metabolic functions including providing precursors for the synthesis of phosphoglycerides, neurotransmitters, sphingolipids, proteins and phosphatidylserine ( 49 , 50 ). Tryptophan can participate in the renewal of plasma proteins in animals, promote the role of riboflavin and the synthesis of niacin and heme, which contributes to increasing the antibodies in the fetuses of pregnant animals and promote lactation in dairy cows and sows ( 51 ). Early surveys indicated that tryptophan deficiency caused growth arrest, weight loss, fat accumulation and testicular atrophy in breeding stock ( 52 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete genome analysis of Bacillus subtilis derived from yaks and its probiotic characteristics

Wang

Lin

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Probiotics have attracted attention due to their multiple health benefits to the host. Yaks inhabiting the Tibetan plateau exhibit excellent disease resistance and tolerance, which may be associated with their inner probiotics. Currently, research on probiotics mainly focuses on their positive effects on the host, but information regarding their genome remains unclear. To reveal the potential functional genes of Bacillus subtilis isolated from yaks, we sequenced its whole genome. Results indicated that the genomic length of Bacillus subtilis was 866,044,638 bp, with 4,429 coding genes. The genome of this bacteria was composed of one chromosome and one plasmid with lengths of 4,214,774 and 54,527 bp, respectively. Moreover, Bacillus subtilis contained 86 tRNAs, 27 rRNAs (9 16S_rRNA, 9 23S_rRNA, and 9 5S_rRNA), and 114 other ncRNA. KEGG annotation indicated that most genes in Bacillus subtilis were associated with biosynthesis of amino acids, carbon metabolism, purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and ABC transporters. GO annotation demonstrated that most genes in Bacillus subtilis were related to nucleic acid binding transcription factor activity, transporter activity, antioxidant activity, and biological adhesion. EggNOG uncovered that most genes in Bacillus subtilis were related to energy production and conversion, amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism. CAZy annotation found glycoside hydrolases (33.65%), glycosyl transferases (22.11%), polysaccharide lyases (3.84%), carbohydrate esterases (14.42%), auxiliary activities (3.36%), and carbohydrate-binding modules (22.59%). In conclusion, this study investigated the genome and genetic properties of Bacillus subtilis derived from yaks, which contributed to understanding the potential prebiotic mechanism of probiotics from the genetic perspective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complete genome analysis of Bacillus subtilis derived from yaks and its probiotic characteristics

Wang

Lin

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Additionally, LM has been found to process genes that confer bile salt tolerance and high survival rates in the stomach, indicating its potential use as a probiotic bacterium [ 31 ]. Our recent findings showed that tryptophan supplementation in the culture medium increased the production of indole-3-lactic acid and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) by LM [ 32 ]. LM alleviates experimental colitis in mice through the regulation of colonic macrophage function via the TGF-β/5-HT receptor (HTR) pathways [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Living, Heat-Killed Limosilactobacillus mucosae and Its Cell-Free Supernatant Differentially Regulate Colonic Serotonin Receptors and Immune Response in Experimental Colitis

Sun,

Huang,

Yan

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Lactobacillus species have been shown to alleviate gut inflammation and oxidative stress. However, the effect of different lactobacilli components on gut inflammation has not been well studied. This study aims to identify the differences in the effect and mechanisms of different forms and components of Limosilactobacillus mucosae (LM) treatment in the alleviation of gut inflammation using a colitis mouse model that is induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Seventy-two C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups: control, DSS, live LM+DSS (LM+DSS), heat-killed LM+DSS (HKLM+DSS), LM cell-free supernatant + DSS (LMCS+DSS), and MRS medium + DSS (MRS+DSS). The mice were treated with different forms and components of LM for two weeks before DSS treatment. After that, the mice were sacrificed for an assessment of their levels of inflammatory cytokines, serotonin (5-HT) receptors (HTRs), and tryptophan metabolites. The results showed that, compared to other treatments, LMCS was more effective (p < 0.05) in the alleviation of DSS-induced body weight loss and led to an increase in the disease activity index score. All three forms and components of LM increased (p < 0.05) the levels of indole-3-acetic acid but reduced (p < 0.05) the levels of 5-HT in the colon. HKLM or LMCS reduced (p < 0.05) the percentages of CD3+CD8+ cytotoxic T cells but increased (p < 0.05) the percentages of CD3+CD4+ T helper cells in the spleen. LM or HKLM increased (p < 0.05) abundances of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in the spleen. The LM and LMCS treatments reduced (p < 0.05) the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines Il6 and Il17a. The mice in the HKLM+DSS group had higher (p < 0.05) mRNA levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine Il10, the cell differentiation and proliferation markers Lgr5 and Ki67, the 5-HT degradation enzyme Maoa, and HTRs (Htr1a, Htr2a, and Htr2b) in the colon. All three forms and components of LM reduced the phosphorylation of STAT3. The above findings can help to optimize the functionality of probiotics and develop new dietary strategies that aid in the maintenance of a healthy gut.

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“…various amino acid metabolism, so as to increase the energy used for the metabolism of dairy cows.In this study, the contents of o-aminobenzoic acid and 4-(2-aminophenyl)-2, 4-dioxy-butyric acid in group LP were signi cantly lower than those in group HP, and the contents of 4-guanidinobutyric acid, creatine, 4-acetylaminoubtyric acid, L-kynurenine, xanthic acid, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and 2phenylacetamide in the group LP were signi cantly higher than those in group HP, which was similar to the results of Spring et al(35). The results indicated that the addition of rumen-protected lysine and methionine in low-protein diet could enhance the metabolism of tryptophan and phenylalanine involved in energy metabolism pathway, to supply energy for dairy cows.Effect low-protein diet on rumen microorganisms of dairy cowsMost Trp metabolites are produced by digestive organs and intestinal microbes and are closely related to animal growth and development, carbohydrate metabolism, protein synthesis, fat metabolism, and others(36,37). The result of a study byWu et al (38) on pigs and mice showed that supplementation of Trp could affect Trp metabolism by regulating the structure of intestinal micro ora.…”

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confidence: 99%

Study on the effects of low protein diet on nitrogen utilization and urine metabolites in dairy cows

Ren,

Wang,

Cai

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Dietary protein level and supplementation of rumen-protected lysine (RPLys) and rumen-protected methionine (RPMet) on nitrogen utilization and urine metabolites of dairy cows are very important in improving dairy production. Results The results showed that the cows in LP group had higher DMI than the HP group after 30d (P < 0.001) and 90d (P = 0.047). The nitrogen intake from the feed in the LP group was lower than HP after 30d (P = 0.014), 60d (P < 0.01), and 90d (P < 0.01). Compared to the HP group, the total nitrogen excretion was lower in the LP group after 30d (P = 0.003), 60d (P < 0.001), and 90d (P < 0.001). Cows fed with LP had a trend of higher nitrogen digestibility after 90d (P = 0.052) than cows fed with HP. The LP treatment increased the nitrogen utilization efficiency after 30d (P = 0.036), 60d (P = 0.023), and 90d (P = 0.021) when compared with HP. A total of 503 metabolites were detected in the urine of cows. Compared with HP, the LP group had 263 metabolites that were down-regulated and 240 metabolites that were up-regulated. Conclusion Feeding dairy cows with a low-protein diet supplemented with amino acids can decrease nitrogen excretion, improve nitrogen utilization efficiency, and show effects on protein digestion and absorption, energy supply and rumen microbiota through the regulation of L-tryptophan and L-alanine.

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Tryptophan regulates bile and nitrogen metabolism in two pig gut lactobacilli species in vitro based on metabolomics study

Cited by 11 publications

References 64 publications

Complete genome analysis of Bacillus subtilis derived from yaks and its probiotic characteristics

Complete genome analysis of Bacillus subtilis derived from yaks and its probiotic characteristics

Living, Heat-Killed Limosilactobacillus mucosae and Its Cell-Free Supernatant Differentially Regulate Colonic Serotonin Receptors and Immune Response in Experimental Colitis

Study on the effects of low protein diet on nitrogen utilization and urine metabolites in dairy cows

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