Tsunami currents in ports

Borrero, José C.; Lynett, Patrick; Kalligeris, Nikos

doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0372

Cited by 50 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…While computational estimates about the currents were available along with inundation projections, the synthesis of understanding that even small tsunamis can generate large vortices near breakwaters had not been made until recently [88,94]. It is now clear that currents can be modelled up to firstorder accuracy with MOST and likely other shallow-water codes compared to current-meter data.…”

Section: Other Key Advances Since the 2004 Boxing Day Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tsunamis: bridging science, engineering and society

Kânoğlu

Titov

Bernard

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Tsunamis are high-impact, long-duration disasters that in most cases allow for only minutes of warning before impact. Since the 2004 Boxing Day tsunami, there have been significant advancements in warning methodology, pre-disaster preparedness and basic understanding of related phenomena. Yet, the trail of destruction of the 2011 Japan tsunami, broadcast live to a stunned world audience, underscored the difficulties of implementing advances in applied hazard mitigation. We describe state of the art methodologies, standards for warnings and summarize recent advances in basic understanding, and identify cross-disciplinary challenges. The stage is set to bridge science, engineering and society to help build up coastal resilience and reduce losses.

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Section: Other Key Advances Since the 2004 Boxing Day Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not accounting for the possible loss of life, the loss of harbour facilities, even for a short time, can result in substantial monetary losses. Borrero et al [94] discuss the hydrodynamics of the generation of currents in ports.…”

Section: Other Key Advances Since the 2004 Boxing Day Tsunamimentioning

confidence: 99%

Tsunamis: bridging science, engineering and society

Kânoğlu

Titov

Bernard

et al. 2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…The Boussinesq model with bottom shear-induced rotational terms was selected as the hydrodynamic model because it provides highly accurate tsunami hydrodynamics in the nearshore (Son et al, 2011;Lynett et al, 2012;Borrero et al, 2015). The primary advantage of the Boussinesq model is that it accurately describes complex nearshore hydrodynamics such as inundation, nonlinear wave interactions, and other turbulence-related activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accurate modelling of sediment transport is directly linked to the precise description of the flow field, and vice versa as explained in the Introduction. As tsunamis tend to induce complex hydrodynamics in the nearshore (Lynett et al, 2012;Borrero et al, 2015;Kalligeris et al, 2016) and those are not well captured by typical shallow water models, the Boussinesq model is adopted as the hydrodynamic model component. Boussinesq equations are depth-integrated, phase-resolving equations (i.e.…”

Section: Nearshore Hydrodynamic Model: Boussinesq Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Boussinesq model is used to more precisely identify nearshore hydrodynamics by considering higher-order impacts to the flow field, which are increasingly important as waves approach the shoreline (Raubenheimer, 2002). Recent advances in the use of Boussinesq-type equations in tsunami modelling, with a focus on nearshore hydrodynamics, are shown in works by Grilli et al (2007), Fuhrman and Madsen (2009), Son et al (2011), Lynett et al (2012), Borrero et al (2015), and Kalligeris et al (2016). Thus, coastal sediment modelling based on Boussinesq-type equations has resulted in more detailed descriptions of flow structure, making these equations more suitable for sediment transport calculations than those of other methods (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling scour and deposition in harbours due to complex tsunami‐induced currents

Son

Lynett

Ayça

2020

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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In this paper, a set of models responsible for hydrodynamics, sediment transport, and morphological evolution are introduced with their theoretical backgrounds, and it is explained how they are fully connected through a two‐way coupling to yield an integrated sediment transport model applicable to tsunami cases. In particular, a fully nonlinear Boussinesq model with bottom shear‐induced rotational terms is chosen for the hydrodynamic model in order to provide a better physical approximation of tsunami‐related, near‐bed hydrodynamics in the nearshore. A finite‐volume scheme, stable and suitable for phase‐resolving model runs longer than 10 simulated hours, is adopted in the numerical discretization. The accuracy and applicability of the developed model are investigated through numerical tests on various sediment problems in the shallow region. Calculated results agree well with existing experimental records. Finally, an ocean‐wide, field‐scale simulation of the 2011 Tohoku‐oki tsunami is attempted, with a focus on the localized effects of tsunami‐induced morphological changes at Crescent City Harbor and Santa Cruz Harbor (USA). Consistent with the reported observations, strong and vortical velocity fields are generated through the model and result in significant changes in morphological configurations. Depth variations and areas of scouring and deposition are compared between modelled and observed records, and the results are discussed. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Lagrangian flow measurements and observations of the 2015 Chilean tsunami in Ventura, CA

Kalligeris

Skanavis

Tavakkol

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Tsunami‐induced coastal currents are spectacular examples of nonlinear and chaotic phenomena. Due to their long periods, tsunamis transport substantial energy into coastal waters, and as this energy interacts with the ubiquitous irregularity of bathymetry, shear and turbulent features appear. The oscillatory character of a tsunami wave train leads to flow reversals, which in principle can spawn persistent turbulent coherent structures (e.g., large vortices or “whirlpools”) that can dominate damage and transport potential. However, no quantitative measurements exist to provide physical insight into this kind of turbulent variability, and no motion recordings are available to help elucidate how these vortical structures evolve and terminate. We report our measurements of currents in Ventura Harbor, California, generated by the 2015 Chilean M8.3 earthquake. We measured surface velocities using GPS drifters and image sequences of surface tracers deployed at a channel bifurcation, as the event unfolded. From the maps of the flow field, we find that a tsunami with a near‐shore amplitude of 30 cm at 6 m depth produced unexpectedly large currents up to 1.5 m/s, which is a fourfold increase over what simple linear scaling would suggest. Coherent turbulent structures appear throughout the event, across a wide range of scales, often generating the greatest local currents.

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Tsunami currents in ports

Cited by 50 publications

References 65 publications

Tsunamis: bridging science, engineering and society

Tsunamis: bridging science, engineering and society

Modelling scour and deposition in harbours due to complex tsunami‐induced currents

Lagrangian flow measurements and observations of the 2015 Chilean tsunami in Ventura, CA

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