Tsunami loss assessment based on Hazus approach – The Bat Galim, Israel, case study

Frucht, Eran; Salamon, Amos; Rozelle, Jesse; Levi, T.; Calvo, Ran; Avirav, Veronic; Burns, Jordan; Zuzak, Casey; Gal, Erez; Trapper, Pavel A.; Galanti, Barak; Bausch, D.

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106175

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar studies have been carried out for multiple coastal communities in the Northern California region Wood et al 2020a). Frucht et al (2021) developed a tsunami risk assessment based on a worst-case scenario for a vulnerable community in Haifa, Israel. They utilized the HAZUS Tsunami Model to estimate the casualty losses considering the resident population with different preparedness levels, where the transportation mode was only horizontal evacuation on foot.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Methodology to incorporate seismic damage and debris to evaluate strategies to reduce life safety risk for multi-hazard earthquake and tsunami

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents a methodology to evaluate life safety risk of coastal communities vulnerable to seismic and tsunami hazards. The work explicitly incorporates two important aspects in tsunami evacuation modeling: (1) the effect of earthquake-induced damage to buildings on building egress time, (2) the effect of earthquake-induced debris on horizontal evacuation time. The city of Seaside, Oregon, is selected as a testbed community. The hazard is based on a megathrust earthquake and tsunami from the Cascadia Subduction Zone that was defined in a previous study. The built environment consists of buildings and the transportation network for the city. Fragility analysis is used to estimate the seismic damage to buildings and resulting debris that covers portions of the road network. The horizontal evacuation time is determined based on the shortest path to shelters, including the increased travel time due to the earthquake-generated debris. The effects of different mitigation strategies are quantified. Results indicate the fatality and life safety risk of a near-field tsunami increases by 4.2 to 8.3 times when the effects of building egress and earthquake-induced debris are considered. The choice of population layer affects the life safety risk and thus the maximum risk is obtained when daytime populations are considered. Use of mitigation strategies result in a significant decrease in the number of fatalities. For hazards with recurrence intervals larger than 500-years, the vertical evacuation is the most effective strategy in reducing fatalities and associated risks. Implementing all mitigation strategies reduces the life safety risk by 90%.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Methodology to incorporate seismic damage and debris to evaluate strategies to reduce life safety risk for multi-hazard earthquake and tsunami

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…for the case of earthquakes and tsunamis (Bonacho and Oliveira, 2018;Lahcene et al, 2021). The reasons behind such a mismatching between the definitions of damage states may arise from the absence of standard formats for damage data collection across regions and across the several vulnerability types of interest (Mas et al, 2020;Frucht et al, 2021). Notably, the study of Negulescu et al (2020) found this aspect to be particularly significant for the multihazard risk context, stating that the damage states of earthquake and tsunami fragility models can have variable levels of compatibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scenario-based multi-risk assessment from existing single-hazard vulnerability models. An application to consecutive earthquakes and tsunamis in Lima, Peru

Zapata

Pittore

Brinckmann

et al. 2023

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Multi-hazard risk assessments for building portfolios exposed to earthquake shaking followed by a tsunami are usually based on empirical vulnerability models calibrated on post-event surveys of damaged buildings. The applicability of these models cannot easily be extrapolated to other regions of larger/smaller events. Moreover, the quantitative evaluation of the damages related to each of the hazard types (disaggregation) is impossible. To investigate cumulative damage on extended building portfolios, this study proposes an alternative and modular method to probabilistically integrate sets of single-hazard vulnerability models that are constantly being developed and calibrated by experts from various research fields to be used within a multi-risk context. This method is based on the proposal of state-dependent fragility functions for the triggered hazard to account for the pre-existing damage and the harmonisation of building classes and damage states through their taxonomic characterisation, which is transversal to any hazard-dependent vulnerability. This modular assemblage also allows us to separate the economic losses expected for each scenario on building portfolios subjected to cascading hazards. We demonstrate its application by assessing the economic losses expected for the residential building stock of Lima, Peru, a megacity commonly exposed to consecutive earthquake and tsunami scenarios. We show the importance of accounting for damage accumulation on extended building portfolios while observing a dependency between the earthquake magnitude and the direct economic losses derived for each hazard scenario. For the commonly exposed residential building stock of Lima exposed to both perils, we find that classical tsunami empirical fragility functions lead to underestimations of predicted losses for lower magnitudes (Mw) and large overestimations for larger Mw events in comparison to our state-dependent models and cumulative-damage method.

show abstract

“…The history of tsunamis indicates that humanity has often been unprepared for disasters. Since the devastating 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean and the 2011 earthquake in East Japan were triggered, the whole world's awareness of the potentially disastrous consequences of tsunamis to coastal areas has increased, and also knowledge build and physical work to reduce the risk of future tsunamis have taken place (Goff and Terry 2012;Okal 2015;Frucht et al 2021). Numerous tsunami-prone nations have implemented tsunami hazard assessment programmes to guide their risk reduction efforts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing tsunami vertical evacuation processes based on Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment for West Coast of Aceh Besar, Indonesia

Ibrahim

Syamsidik

Azmeri

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tsunamis are rare events compared to other disasters but have devastating consequences. In the last 100 years, more than 24 tsunamis and more than 235,000 fatalities have occurred globally. Indonesia has a high risk of a tsunami disaster. Since the devastating 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, much research and preparatory work have been done to reduce the impact of future tsunamis in Indonesia, including in the province of Aceh, especially along the western coast where West Aceh is located. This coastal area was destroyed by a tsunami as high as 15-30 metres, resulting in the loss of life, housing, tourist areas, industrial areas, and other public facilities. Given that tsunami disasters are rare and sometimes occur long in advance, human memory and awareness are reduced, making research on the level of tsunami awareness of disasters a challenging task. Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA) is a method that has been developed to predict tsunami hazards with a return period of hundreds to thousands of years, beyond the limited availability of historical data. The PTHA method can provide important information that supports tsunami risk management measures. This study aims to estimate recurrence period-based tsunami risk on the west coast of the district of Aceh Besar using the PTHA method. In this study, the source of the tsunami is caused by fault activity at sea. Seven tsunami scenarios based on fault parameters (earthquakes of magnitudes Mw 8.0 to 9.2 with interval 0,2) with the fault location focusing on the Aceh-Andaman Mega Thrust Segment, as applied in this study. This segment was a similar source to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami that created a rupture area along a distance of 1,155 km, with six parts of the fault. The maximum inundation distance reached 6 km for the flat area, with a flow depth of 13 metres. The site has a cliff that is close to the shoreline, with an inundation distance shorter than the distance across the flat area. With an arrival time of less than 25 minutes, it is recommended to have an evacuation building and evacuation road in a wide inundated area, and an arrangement of hills close to the beach as an evacuation area, in order to reduce the number of casualties. For 100 years return period or exceedance probability rate 0.01, the average flow depth on the coast may exceed 5 metres, and the maximum flow depth for a 1000-year return period or annual probability of 0.001 is 12 metres. With the potential tsunami in the future, continuous tsunami drills and tsunami education are needed so that people can maintain an awareness of the threat posed by tsunamis.

show abstract

Tsunami loss assessment based on Hazus approach – The Bat Galim, Israel, case study

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

Methodology to incorporate seismic damage and debris to evaluate strategies to reduce life safety risk for multi-hazard earthquake and tsunami

Methodology to incorporate seismic damage and debris to evaluate strategies to reduce life safety risk for multi-hazard earthquake and tsunami

Scenario-based multi-risk assessment from existing single-hazard vulnerability models. An application to consecutive earthquakes and tsunamis in Lima, Peru

Assessing tsunami vertical evacuation processes based on Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment for West Coast of Aceh Besar, Indonesia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About