Tsunami mapping in the Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador, due to local seismicity

Ioualalen, Mansour; Monfret, Tony; Béthoux, Nicole; Chlieh, M.; Adams, G. Ponce; Collot, Jean‐Yves; Bustamante, Carlos Martillo; Chunga, Kervin; Navarrete, Edison; Montenegro, Galo; Gordillo, Gabriela Solis

doi:10.1007/s11001-014-9225-9

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The latter two events had all of the characteristics of tsunami‐earthquakes: a slow rupture velocity, long source time duration, and local tsunamis significantly greater than expected for their initial M s values [ Pelayo and Wiens , ; Ihmle et al ., ; Bourgeois et al ., ]. However, we notice that for the 1953 and 1959 events, the tsunami catalogues (National Geophysical Data Center; http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov) [ Soloviev and Go , ; Lockridge , ; Espinoza , ; Ioualalen et al , ] report local tsunamis with runup heights greater than 1 m near Tumbes and the surrounding areas, including southern Ecuador (latitude 3°S to 4°S), indicating that they were, most likely, shallow events. It is worth noting that those two events were not considered in the previous compilations of large earthquakes for Peru [ Dorbath et al ., ; Bilek , ].…”

Section: Seismotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pattern of coupling is in good agreement with the presence of shallow tsunami-earthquake asperities that, along with transient mixed-seismic-aseismic slip [Villegas-Lanza et al, 2016], might be the common mode of seismic behavior in the northern Peru segment. South of the Gulf of Guayaquil, a shallow asperity is found where the 1953 and 1959 tsunami-earthquakes occurred [Espinoza, 1992;Ioualalen et al, 2014]. Along the Piura peninsula, because the coastline is the closer to the trench axis (~70-80 km), the spatial resolution is high and a very low interplate coupling is confirmed.…”

Section: Shallow and Weak Coupling In Northern Perumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active tectonics of Peru: Heterogeneous interseismic coupling along the Nazca megathrust, rigid motion of the Peruvian Sliver, and Subandean shortening accommodation

et al. 2016

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Over 100 GPS sites measured in 2008–2013 in Peru provide new insights into the present‐day crustal deformation of the 2200 km long Peruvian margin. This margin is squeezed between the eastward subduction of the oceanic Nazca Plate at the South America trench axis and the westward continental subduction of the South American Plate beneath the Eastern Cordillera and Subandean orogenic wedge. Continental active faults and GPS data reveal the rigid motion of a Peruvian Forearc Sliver that extends from the oceanic trench axis to the Western‐Eastern Cordilleras boundary and moves southeastward at 4–5 mm/yr relative to a stable South America reference frame. GPS data indicate that the Subandean shortening increases southward by 2 to 4 mm/yr. In a Peruvian Sliver reference frame, the residual GPS data indicate that the interseismic coupling along the Nazca megathrust is highly heterogeneous. Coupling in northern Peru is shallow and coincides with the site of previous moderate‐sized and shallow tsunami‐earthquakes. Deep coupling occurs in central and southern Peru, where repeated large and great megathrust earthquakes have occurred. The strong correlation between highly coupled areas and large ruptures suggests that seismic asperities are persistent features of the megathrust. Creeping segments appear at the extremities of great ruptures and where oceanic fracture zones and ridges enter the subduction zone, suggesting that these subducting structures play a major role in the seismic segmentation of the Peruvian margin. In central Peru, we estimate a recurrence time of 305 ± 40 years to reproduce the great 1746 Mw~8.8 Lima‐Callao earthquake.

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Section: Seismotectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Shallow and Weak Coupling In Northern Perumentioning

confidence: 99%

Active tectonics of Peru: Heterogeneous interseismic coupling along the Nazca megathrust, rigid motion of the Peruvian Sliver, and Subandean shortening accommodation

et al. 2016

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“…4 b). A previous study 41 showed that the near-trench part of the southern Ecuador subduction channel continuously creeps with no record of large seismicity, while subduction earthquakes occur at relatively large focal depths much farther from the trench. These are consistent with our effective stress ratio analysis, emphasizing the role of this ratio in controlling the fault strength and slip behavior in different subduction zones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Connection between high pore-fluid pressure and frictional instability at tsunamigenic plate boundary fault of 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake

Hondori

Park

2022

Sci Rep

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The 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake (M 9.0) rupture propagated along a shallow plate boundary thrust fault (i.e. decollement) to the trench, displaced the seafloor, and triggered a devastating tsunami. Physical properties of the underthrust sediments which control the rupture propagation are yet poorly known. We use a 2D seismic dataset to build velocity model for imaging and apply reverse time migration. We then calculate pore-fluid pressure along the decollement as the top boundary of underthrust sediments, and along the backstop interface as the boundary between undeformed structures in the continental plate and the severely deformed sediments in the accretionary prism. The results show that within horizontal distance of 40–22 km toward the trench, pore-fluid pressure is 82–60% higher than the hydrostatic pressure for both decollement and backstop interface. It then reduces to hydrostatic level for the backstop interface but remains 60–40% higher than hydrostatic level for the decollement, causing frictional instability in favor of fault rupture along the decollement. We report for the first time, by our knowledge, detailed seismic images of fluid-rich trapped bucket sediments, quantitative stress states, and fluid drainage conditions at shallow tsunamigenic portion of the Japan Trench, which are consistent with the seafloor and borehole observations.

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“…This is the case in northern Peru and southern Ecuador, where no M w > 8 subduction‐related earthquake is known to have occurred (Nocquet et al., 2014; Villegas‐Lanza et al., 2016a). The major seismological activity on the northern Peruvian margin is represented by two mega‐thrust earthquakes recorded in 1953 (Espinoza, 1992) and 1959 (Ioualalen et al., 2014), with M w 7.3 and M w 7.5, and at focal depths of 33 km and >20 km, respectively (rupture areas represented by red ellipses in Figure 13a). The two epicenters are aligned to the Peru fault azimuth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectono‐Stratigraphic Insights on the Dynamics of a Complex Subduction Zone, Northern Peruvian Forearc

Lajo‐Yáñez,

Flint,

Huuse

et al. 2023

Tectonics

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Two main types of subduction are recognized around the world: accretionary and erosive. The northern Peruvian margin is a well‐known example of a margin subjected to subduction erosion, but to date the along‐margin variability and temporal changes in subduction process and forearc basin evolution have not been characterized in detail. Interpretation of regional seismic lines and integration of oil‐industry wells and seafloor data captures the erosive nature of subduction underneath the forearc with only a minor accretionary component to the north. Episodes of uplift driven by plate coupling were followed by normal faulting/extensional collapse due to plate decoupling. This mechanism explains the dominance of normal faulting across the forearc until the Oligocene with a slight reactivation within the Miocene. The subduction history is complex and includes a reduction in plate convergence rate related to forearc crustal shortening, represented by large‐scale structures including the Peru fault (reactivated) and the Illescas fault‐propagation anticlines of the Northwest Peru transpressional system. This crustal deformation started in the Miocene. Integration with magnetic anomaly data indicates that activity of the present‐day transpressional system driven by tectonic escape of the Nazca Sliver toward the northeast, may explain the seismicity gap in southern Ecuador and northern Peru. An evolutionary model of the northern Peruvian margin shows how subduction zone geodynamics left its erosive fingerprint in the forearc basin configuration.

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Tsunami mapping in the Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador, due to local seismicity

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Active tectonics of Peru: Heterogeneous interseismic coupling along the Nazca megathrust, rigid motion of the Peruvian Sliver, and Subandean shortening accommodation

Active tectonics of Peru: Heterogeneous interseismic coupling along the Nazca megathrust, rigid motion of the Peruvian Sliver, and Subandean shortening accommodation

Connection between high pore-fluid pressure and frictional instability at tsunamigenic plate boundary fault of 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake

Tectono‐Stratigraphic Insights on the Dynamics of a Complex Subduction Zone, Northern Peruvian Forearc

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