Tuber respiratory profiles during low temperature sweetening (LTS) and reconditioning of LTS-resistant and susceptible potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars

Zommick, Daniel H.; Knowles, Lisa O.; Knowles, N. Richard

doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.01.020

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…As expected, lowering the O 2 concentration from 21 kPa to 2.5 kPa greatly reduced tuber respiration, which fell even further when the temperature was lowered from 8 to Here we demonstrate that O 2 concentration greatly affected the kinetics of the cold-induced RARs (averaged over cultivars). When assessed as percent increase in respiration from trough to peak (Zommick et al 2014b), the RAR for tubers at 2.5 kPa O 2 was 17% compared with only 7% for tubers at 21 kPa O 2 where the buildup in total sugar concentration (RS + Suc) was greatest. Low O 2 , however, slowed development of the RAR relative to tubers stored at 21 kPa O 2 , which likely reflects the limited availability of substrate (O 2 ) and need for energy to fuel the attenuated sweetening metabolism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tuber respiration rates were monitored to determine the effects of O 2 concentration on the initial respiratory acclimation responses (RAR) to decreasing temperature (8 to 4 o C) and as an indicator of changes in metabolic rate over 155 d of cold-sweetening. The outlet atmosphere from two of the 212-d, 21 and 2.5 kPa O 2 chambers was directed through an LI-6262 infrared CO 2 gas analyzer (LI-COR Inc., Lincoln, NB, USA) as described previously (Zommick et al 2014b). Carbon dioxide concentrations were quantified at 2.5-h intervals through the initial 8-d acclimation period at 8 o C and continuing through 155 d of storage at 4 o C. Tuber respiration rates (CO 2 evolution) are reported as µg kg -1 s -1 .…”

Section: Whole Tuber Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Respiration rates are thus the average of 12 Russet Burbank and 12 Innovator tubers (24 tubers total; equivalent mass for each cultivar) at each O 2 concentration. No attempt was made to characterize potential cultivardependent differences in respiration rates, which have been shown to be minor relative to the effects of decreased O 2 (Blauer et al 2013) and temperature (Zommick et al 2014b).…”

Section: Whole Tuber Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low oxygen storage modulates invertase activity to attenuate cold-induced sweetening and loss of process quality in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Herman

Knowles

2016

Postharvest Biology and Technology

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Russet Burbank and Innovator are mid-to late-season frozen-processing cultivars with inherently different dormancy periods and susceptibilities to low temperature-induced sweetening (LTS). In contrast to Russet Burbank, which is highly prone to accumulation of reducing sugars (Glc + Fru) when stored below 8-9 o C, Innovator tubers exhibit moderate resistance to LTS and retain process quality longer at lower temperatures (4-6 o C). However, Innovator's LTS resistance is not robust and often varies across production regions. Here we show that low O 2 storage modulates LTS to reveal metabolic differences intrinsic to these cultivars. Changes in tuber respiration, process quality, reducing sugars, sucrose, starch phosphorylase and invertase activities were compared at 4 and 8 o C in 2.5 and 21 kPa O 2 over a 212-d storage period. Tuber respiration declined rapidly as O 2 level decreased from 21 to 2.5 kPa during acclimation at 8 o C. Respiration rates then fell further as the temperature was lowered from 8 to 4 o C, but this response was greatly muted for tubers at 2.5 versus 21 kPa O 2 . Tubers at 21 kPa O 2 completed their cold-induced respiratory acclimation response (RAR) within 7 d compared with 13 d at 2.5 kPa O 2 , and the RAR was much greater for tubers at 2.5 kPa O 2 . While reducing sugars increased most rapidly in tubers over the first 30 d at 4 o C, Innovator tubers had lower invertase activity and sweetened less than Russet Burbank tubers, characterizing its LTS-resistant phenotype. Low O 2 greatly attenuated these initial LTS responses for both cultivars; however, the effect was only temporary in Innovator. LTS resumed in Innovator tubers from 93 to 212 d with reducing sugar levels increasing to equal that of Russet Burbank tubers stored at 4 o C and 21 kPa O 2 . Activities of -1,4 glucan phosphorylase (SP) were higher in Russet Burbank than Innovator and increased progressively over the storage period regardless of temperature and oxygen concentration. Innovator tubers stored at 2.5 kPa O 2 had higher SP activities from 30 to 153 d at 4 and 8 o C compared with tubers stored at 21 kPa O 2 , which correlated well with increased sucrose buildup and earlier sprouting. The low O 2 -mediated inhibition of LTS was largely a consequence of reduced invertase activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whole Tuber Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Whole Tuber Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low oxygen storage modulates invertase activity to attenuate cold-induced sweetening and loss of process quality in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Herman

Knowles

2016

Postharvest Biology and Technology

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“…Potato tubers during the late stage of storage will undergo a developmentally controlled, age-dependent shift in metabolism that results in an accumulation of sugars such as sucrose and glucose, a process that is called senescent sweetening [43]. The most widely accepted hypothesis for the mechanism of senescent sweetening is that tuber tissue senescence after a certain period of time in storage including the breakdown of the cell membrane, can facilitate enzyme access to starch granules and speed up starch conversion to sugars [44], which then results in unacceptable darkening of finished fries in a chemical process called the Maillard reaction [45]. Varieties that are most susceptible to senescent sweetening tend to have shorter dormancy.…”

Section: Senescent Sweetening Of Snowden Was Ameliorated Under Highermentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Wound-Healing Management on Potato Post-Harvest Storability

2020

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A critical step in profitable post-harvest potato storage management is to cure tubers at appropriate temperatures long enough for rapid wound-healing to prevent disease and defect development, but not too long to jeopardize storage quality. A two-year storage study was conducted in macro-storage totes at the University of Wisconsin Hancock storage research facility to evaluate the effects of higher wound-healing temperatures (15.6 °C, 18.3 °C) imposed for different durations, and compare them to the U.S. potato industry’s standard practice (12.8 °C), on weight loss and frying quality of multiple processing potato varieties during long-term storage. It was found that in the experimental setting of this study, warmer wound-healing temperatures resulted in (1) less weight loss, particularly during the early storage season across varieties; (2) ameliorated senescent sweetening of the Snowden variety; (3) improved fry quality of the Russet Burbank variety; (4) and no apparent disease spread during long-term storage if tubers were harvested healthy out of fields. Overall, no significant difference was found between 15.6 °C and 18.3 °C regarding their treatment effects. Our conclusion is that compared to the current standard practice, higher wound-healing temperatures may have the potential benefits of improving potato storage quality while reducing the economic penalty associated with weight loss for specific varieties, but tubers should be healthy at harvest in order to gain the benefits. Further research is needed to test if those benefits of higher wound-healing temperatures hold true in large-scale commercial storage facilities.

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“…Following 16-hour humidification treatment, GLA-treated and control pears were weighed and sealed into continuous air flow chambers (four replicates of 4 fruit per replicate), which sample CO 2 at 4-hour intervals. Fruit respiration rates were determined by calculating mean CO 2 evolution per kilogram of fruit at each sample time using the previously described methods and sampling system [57].…”

Section: Monitoring Of Carbon Dioxide Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyoxylic acid overcomes 1-MCP-induced blockage of fruit ripening in Pyrus communis L. var. ‘D’Anjou’

Hewitt

Dhingra

2019

Preprint

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Abstract1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) in an ethylene receptor antagonist which blocks ethylene perception and downstream ripening responses in climacteric fruit imparting a longer shelf life. However, in European pear, application of 1-MCP irreversibly obstructs the onset of system 2 ethylene production resulting in perpetually unripe fruit with undesirable quality. Application of exogenous ethylene, carbon dioxide and treatment to high temperatures is not able to reverse the blockage in ripening. We recently reported that during cold conditioning, activation of AOX occurs pre-climaterically. In this study we report that activation of AOX via exposure of 1-MCP treated ‘D’Anjou’ pear fruit to glyoxylic acid triggers an accelerated ripening response. Ripening is consistently evident in decrease of fruit firmness and onset of S1-S2 ethylene transition. Time course ripening related measurements and transcriptomic analysis were performed to assess the effects of glyoxylic acid-driven stimulation of ripening. Transcriptomic and functional enrichment analyses revealed genes and ontologies implicated in glyoxylic acid mediated ripening, including alternative oxidase, TCA cycle, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, organic acid metabolism, and ethylene responsive pathways. These observations implicate the glyoxylate cycle as a metabolic hub linking multiple pathways to stimulate ripening through an alternate mechanism. The results provide information regarding how blockage caused by 1-MCP may be circumvented at the metabolic level, thus opening avenues for consistent ripening in pear and possibly other fruit.

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Tuber respiratory profiles during low temperature sweetening (LTS) and reconditioning of LTS-resistant and susceptible potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars

Cited by 22 publications

References 41 publications

Low oxygen storage modulates invertase activity to attenuate cold-induced sweetening and loss of process quality in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Low oxygen storage modulates invertase activity to attenuate cold-induced sweetening and loss of process quality in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

Effects of Wound-Healing Management on Potato Post-Harvest Storability

Glyoxylic acid overcomes 1-MCP-induced blockage of fruit ripening in Pyrus communis L. var. ‘D’Anjou’

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