Tuberculosis outbreak among students in a boarding school

Stein‐Zamir, Chen; Volovik, Irina; Rishpon, Shmuel; Atamna, Alaa; Lavy, A; Weiler-Ravell, Daniel

doi:10.1183/09031936.06.00002506

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…They experience high stress, lack adequate sleep or effective exercise, have poor physical fitness and decreased immunity, which make them susceptible to TB infection. Meanwhile the students’ classrooms, dormitories and other environments are highly crowded, which also provide conditions for the outbreak of the epidemic [17, 18]. High school students are in a critical period of physical and psychological growth, which is a high-risk period for psychological conflict and behavioral, emotional problems as well [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The experiences of high school students with pulmonary tuberculosis in China: a qualitative study

Zhang

Zhang³

et al. 2016

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundClustered tuberculosis (TB) still occurred nationally in Chinese schools every year, where high school students patients accounts for the highest proportion. These young TB patients are in a critical period of physical and psychological growth. Research on their illness experience and analysis of underlying causes remains blank. The purpose of this study is to explore the overall illness experience of Chinese high school TB patients and to investigate the individual and social causes of such experience.MethodsTwenty-two high school TB patients in a certain county of Shaanxi province were interviewed in-depth twice when initial diagnosed and during intermediate treatment periods. Interview data were analyzed by framework approach.ResultsThe high school TB patients worried about interruption of studies rather than the disease. They generally showed a lack of awareness of tuberculosis, were highly dependent on parents, and received assistance from teachers and students during the treatment. Most of them did not show obvious stigma.ConclusionThe unique education system and sociocultural factors in China are the root of special illness experience of high school TB patients. Huge pressure in college entrance examination leads sick students to worry about interruption of studies more than the disease itself. Their serious lack of awareness of TB, caused by the ignorance of school, parents and the students, becomes the biggest obstacle to timely diagnosis and treatment. Whether high dependence on parents is conducive to disease recovery varies with each individual. Meanwhile, patients’ weak stigma could play a positive role in disease recovery. Educational and medical institutions should develop more effective TB control strategies based on these factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The experiences of high school students with pulmonary tuberculosis in China: a qualitative study

Zhang

Zhang³

et al. 2016

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Several other studies also revealed high risk of acquiring TB infection and subsequent transmission among college students [7–18]. A study conducted among students of Jimma University, southwest Ethiopia, showed that contact in the campus to students who have TB seems to be one of the major factors responsible for the acquisition of TB [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of tuberculosis and treatment outcome among university students in Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective study

et al. 2015

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BackgroundUniversities tend to be highly congregate settings, both in the classroom and in residences, and thus provide special opportunities for large number of persons to be exposed to a person with tuberculosis (TB). Despite the high prevalence of TB in Ethiopia, the TB prevalence and the treatment outcome among students have never been studied. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the prevalence and treatment outcome of TB among students at University of Gondar from January 2007 to December 2011.MethodsData on age, sex, TB type, category, and treatment outcome of students with TB was collected from medical records of University of Gondar Hospital, TB Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) clinic. All TB cases diagnosed with smear, culture, and/or radiography were included in the study.ResultsDuring the five year study period in the university, there were an average of 36 students with TB per year out of a mean of 10,036 enrolled students. Smear positive pulmonary TB, smear negative pulmonary TB, and extra pulmonary TB, respectively, were observed in 46 (25.4%), 81 (44.8%) and 54 (29.8%) of the cases. The prevalence of all forms of TB per 100,000 populations in the University ranged from 297.6 in 2009 to 404 in 2011, respectively. The prevalence of TB in the Social Sciences and Humanities Faculty was higher than the one observed in the Medical College. The overall treatment outcome was classified as cured in 36 (19.9%), completed in 91 (50.3%), defaulted in 9 (5%), failed in 3 (1.7%), died in 1 (0.6%), and transferred out in 41 (22.7%) of the cases. Treatment success rate (TSR) among students in University was generally low ranging from 58.1% in 2009 to 82.9% in 2011 with a mean TSR of 70.2%.ConclusionThe prevalence of TB is higher in comparison to the national figure among students in University of Gondar. Active surveillance systems could be important to get a clear picture of the TB situation in such settings. Assessing the factors associated with the high prevalence to gear the TB control strategy could also be essential.

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“…TB in certain populations, including in educational institutions, has been reported among students in low-endemic countries, such as England, Italy, Ireland, and several states in the USA [15]. Similar research conducted in China in 2015 reported a case of TB outbreak in a middle school with 46 active TB cases (17.8%) among 258 students and 15 teachers [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…The research, based on current data, found that smoking habits are responsible for 23% of TB suspect cases, while environmental factors are responsible for 26% of all cases [10]. Moreover, the rate of infection risk caused by environmental factors has shown that there is an epidemiological association amounting to 99.2%, being significantly affected by close contact [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspects and Their Determinants among Boarding Students in Islamic Boarding Schools in the Garut District

Surahman¹,

Hadi²,

Setio³

2018

KLS

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Living in a crowded Islamic boarding school (pondok pesantren) may cause tuberculosis (TB) transmission, poor sanitation and personal hygiene presenting risks for residents' health. Sleeping together in a small room may increase the risk of TB transmission in the pondok pesantren. The objective of this study is to assess TB suspects and their determinants among boarding students at Islamic boarding schools in Garut. A crosssectional design was employed in this study. Applying two stages of cluster sampling, 429 samples were selected from six Islamic boarding schools in the Garut District.Data was collected through interviews, using a questionnaire that was pre-tested for validity and reliability, and analyzed using a multiple logistic regression technique.This study determined that almost 22% of the boarding students, commonly known as santri, had been suffering from a cough for at least 2 weeks (TB suspects). Half of them (50.8%) are women, living in environments prone to TB transmission (62.5%), having low levels of knowledge of TB (70.6%), exhibiting poor TB prevention behavior (52.7%), and around 37% are smokers. The analysis proves that sex and smoking habits are associated with TB suspects. Smoking habits are the most dominant risk factor for TB suspects after controlling for knowledge of TB. The risk of smoking santris becoming a TB suspect is 2.7 times higher than for those who do not smoke, after controlling for knowledge of TB.

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Tuberculosis outbreak among students in a boarding school

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

The experiences of high school students with pulmonary tuberculosis in China: a qualitative study

The experiences of high school students with pulmonary tuberculosis in China: a qualitative study

Prevalence of tuberculosis and treatment outcome among university students in Northwest Ethiopia: a retrospective study

Pulmonary Tuberculosis Suspects and Their Determinants among Boarding Students in Islamic Boarding Schools in the Garut District

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