Tubular chitosan hydrogels with a tuneable lamellar structure programmed by electrical signals

Abstract

The discovery of facile methods to create complex lamellar structure in hydrogel, which mimics the exquisite structure in nature, remains great challenge. In this work, ordered lamellar structured hydrogel from...

Programmable Electrical Signals Induce Anisotropic Assembly of Multilayer Chitosan Hydrogels

“…The time-varying electrical signal sequences can guide the controlled self-assembly of polysaccharides to form hydrogels with complex internal patterns. Further mechanical measurement reveals that electro-induced multilayer hydrogels exhibit higher tensile strength than traditional chitosan hydrogels formed by base neutralization in our previous work . This arouses our interest in studying the dynamic process of hydrogel interface formation under an electric field, which can provide helpful information in linking electrochemical regulation and hydrogel structure.…”

“…17 Further mechanical measurement reveals that electro-induced multilayer hydrogels exhibit higher tensile strength than traditional chitosan hydrogels formed by base neutralization in our previous work. 19 This arouses our interest in studying the dynamic process of hydrogel interface formation under an electric field, which can provide helpful information in linking electrochemical regulation and hydrogel structure. In this work, the electro-induced multilayer chitosan hydrogel formation was followed in microfluidics by using a polarizing microscope.…”

Bionic ordered structured hydrogels: structure types, design strategies, optimization mechanism of mechanical properties and applications

“…This process leads to the formation of structured hydrogels with bionic order. 52,111,136,137 It is crucial to note that the ordered arrangement can only be maintained for a brief period once the electric field is turned off. However, the structure can be fixed permanently with additional crosslinked polymerization using monomers or polymers.…”

“…113,122,123 Other materials. For example, polysaccharide materials such as alginate, 20,126 chitosan, 65,111 have many hydrogen bonding sites that drive fiber formation and are crucial to the development and function of ordered composites. 65,126 Synthetic polymers, meanwhile, utilize internal hydroxyl groups and hydrophilic substances to create physical and chemical cross-linked network structures.…”

Chemical fuel-driven gelation with dissipative assembly-induced emission

“…3a), suggestive of a relatively robust scaffold formed in the hybrid hydrogel. The lamellar structure 57,58 was further observed in an enlarged SEM image (Fig. 3b), indicating that the partly methylated products G1′ / G2′ formed in situ would drive the self-stacking process to form a hydrogel scaffold.…”