Tubular Hypoplasia of the Aorta and Right Atrioventricular Valve Dysplasia in a Bulldog

Abstract

Abstract. A Bulldog puppy that died at 1 day of age was presented for postmortem evaluation. Macroscopically, there was marked hypoplasia of the ascending, transverse, and proximal segments of the descending thoracic aorta and almost complete secondary thrombosis of the left ventricle causing a functional stenosis of the left atrioventricular valve. Separately, there was right atrioventricular valve dysplasia with secondary dilation of the right atrium. Microscopically, the left ventricular outflow tract was occluded by chondroid metaplasia, fibrosing recanalization of a left ventricular thrombus, and isolated Purkinje fiber degeneration and necrosis.

Preductal Segmental Tubular Aortic Hypoplasia in Perinatally Died Stabyhoun Puppies

“…Though aortic coarctation, a form of preductal segmental tubular aortic hypoplasia, is a relatively common congenital anomaly in human infants, it has rarely been reported in animals, including dogs [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Because of the high reported prevalence of PDA in the Stabyhoun breed and its suspected potential role in the high perinatal mortality before the start of this study, special attention was paid to the patency of the ductus arteriosus and the surrounding vascular structures at necropsy [3].…”

“…Aortic segmental tubular hypoplasia is characterized by a narrowing of one or more anatomic segments of the aorta [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Aortic segmental tubular hypoplasia and aortic coarctation have both been documented in animals; however, they are extremely rare, particularly in dogs [11][12][13][14]. Contraction of ectopic ductal tissue in the aortic wall simultaneous with the closure of the ductus arteriosus at birth is believed to be the underlying pathogenesis of aortic coarctation in humans [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Congenital Cardiopathies

“…In our experience, the incidence of TVD is only 3.1% of the CHDs referred to our laboratory. It is more frequently observed in Labrador Retrievers, Boxers, German Shepherds, English Bulldogs [9,88], and Bullmastiffs [89]. In Labrador Retrievers, a hereditary transmission has recently been documented [90].…”

Right Atrioventricular Valvular Dysplasia in a New Zealand White Rabbit

“…No publications referring to right atrioventricular valvular (RAV) hypoplasia, dysplasia, or aplasia in rabbits have been published. In contrast, congenital lesions in dogs, cats, and humans are well documented and RAV insufficiency and related congenital defects have been well documented in these species [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In humans, the most commonly reported defect of the RAV is Ebstein's anomaly (EA) [5].…”