Tulium laser in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder with spread to the ostium of the ureter

Abstract

Urothelial transitional cell cancer in developed countries is the 4th most common. In terms of frequency, it is outstripped only by prostate, breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. In the vast majority of cases, urothelial carcinoma develops in the bladder. It accounts for 90—95 % of all cases of transitional cell cancer of the urinary tract. Much less often, in 5—10 % have to deal with its localization in the upper urinary tract (in the calico-pelvic system or ureter). In 17 % of upper urinary tract cancers, bladder cancer is simultaneously diagnosed. The incidence of urothelial transitional cell cancer has increased over the past few decades as a result of improved diagnosis and improved survival of patients with this nosology. The use of modern, high-tech equipment for visualization and direct surgical intervention contributes to such results. The use of laser energy as the main tool for tissue dissection in endoscopic oncourology reveals the undeniable advantages of this method in comparison with the traditional electrosurgery.We present a clinical observation of the diagnosis and surgical treatment of urothelial bladder cancer with invasion of the ureter, performed by en-bloc tulium laser. An operation was performed-transurethral resection of a urothelial bladder tumor with invasion of the ureter, performed by en-bloc tulium laser. Intraoperatively, ureteropieloscopy was performed, and the tumor did not spread to the upper urinary tract beyond the intramural part of the ureter. Thanks to the precision of the action of the tulium laser on the tissue, not resection, but, in fact, dissection of the bladder wall, a high-quality macropreparation was obtained, which made it possible to establish a final diagnosis. Histological conclusion: from the bladder — non-invasive urothelial cancer G2-3; from the mouth of the left ureter — fragments of fibrous tissue lined with urothelium from atypia. 3 months after the operation — no recurrence of urothelial cancer was revealed, which indicates a high quality of the operation.This clinical observation demonstrates the superiority of laser en-bloc dissection compared to the treatment of bladder tumors. Obtaining a macro-product of urothelial transitional cell cancer of the highest quality can contribute to avoiding unjustified radical nephrureterectomies and conducting organ-preserving treatment, for absolute and elective indications. The 1.94 µm Tulium Erbium laser is an effective tool for performing minimally invasive transurethral interventions in non-invasive bladder cancer.

Expression and Clinical Significance of SATB1 Gene in Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder

“…SATB1 is highly expressed in human highly invasive renal cell carcinoma cell lines, and knocking out SATB1 can significantly inhibit the invasion and proliferation of highly invasive renal cell carcinoma cell lines [15]. Based on the previous work, this article aimed to detect the expression of SATB1 in renal cell carcinoma and adjacent tissues, and analyze its correlation with clinical pathological indicators of renal cell carcinoma [16][17].…”

Transurethral resection of bladder cancer involving the orifice of the ureter

“…17 до мышечного слоя в пределах визуально неизмененной стенки мочевого пузыря. Через 3 мес при цистоскопии и уретерореноскопии наблюдалась полная эпителизация в зоне вмешательства без рецидива уротелиального рака [52].…”