Tumeurs nerveuses du médiastin de l’adulte

A Rare Nervous Tumor : The Mediastinal Schwannoma ( About One Case).

“…There is often a calcified component and of cystic degeneration. The immunohistochemistry shows the dominating expression of the protein S100 [ 1 ] such is the case at our patient. The thoracic scanner is little specific in the positive diagnosis showing a heterogeneous tissular mass of mitigation identical to the scrawny muscles, sometimes containing visible calcifications.…”

“…Schwannoma is rare benign tumor of neurogenic origin developed at the expense of the nervous myélinated girdles. At the thoracic level, they represent approximately 75 % of the tumors of the nervous envelopes and arise most of the time at young patient's from 20 to 50 years old with a feminine ascendancy [1]. They are located most of the time at the level of the intercostal nervous roots situated in laterovertebral gutters [2].…”

“…The malignant forms are rarer, arising at patient's affected by neurofibromatose, or having undergone a médiastinal irradiation. The malignant transformation of a mild schwannome is a rare eventuality, arising in less than 2 % of the cases [1,4]. The diagnosis is histological on surgical part, in front of the existence of cells of different Schwann of morphology and organization, classified according to Antoni in zone A where they appear in beams, in pits aligned in fence and in zone B of cystic aspect and myxoïde nature.…”

A large schwannoma of the middle mediastinum: A case report and review of the literature

“…Only 5–15% of neurogenic tumors are cancerous and patients often exhibit no evident symptoms. However, a small number of patients do present with symptoms, including difficulty breathing, chest pain, coughing, obstructive pneumonia and numbness of the limbs, due to the pressure of the tumor on the trachea ( 2 ). Neurogenic tumors include neurinoma, neurofibroma, neural sarcoma, paraganglioma, neuroblastoma, sympathetic neuroma, paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma ( 6 ).…”

“…Neurogenic tumors are typically encapsulated and can be classified into nerve sheath, ganglion cell and paraganglionic cell neoplasms ( 1 ). Neurilemmomas are an example of one rare type of mediastinal tumor originating from the vagus nerve ( 2 ).…”