Tumor‐associated tissue eosinophilia of penile cancer

Ozawa, Masashi; Tamura, Yoshimi; Suzuki, Takanori; Suzuki, Kazuhiro; Kurokawa, Kenji; Fukabori, Yoshitatsu; Yamanaka, Hidetoshi

doi:10.1046/j.1442-2042.2002.00424.x

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…47 In one study, marked peritumoral infiltration of eosinophils was reported to correlate with improved survival in patients with penile carcinoma. 48 …”

Section: Molecular and Other Prognostic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Identification of Prognostic Pathologic Parameters in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis

Cubilla

Velázquez

Ayala

et al. 2005

Pathology Case Reviews

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Penile carcinomas are infrequent in the USA and Europe, but fairly frequent in some geographical regions of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. The vast majority of tumors are squamous cell carcinoma, which disseminate in a loco regional manner to intrapenile anatomical structures: lamina propria, corpus spongiosum, and corpus cavernosum in the glans and lamina propria, dartos, and outer skin in the prepuce. Nodal spread is in the sentinel, superficial, and deep groin nodes, and then to pelvic or iliac lymph nodes. Widespread dissemination occurs in a third of the cases, usually in locally advanced disease. Pathologic factors important to predict regional metastasis and patient's outcome are: site and size of the primary tumor, growth pattern, histologic grade, subtype of squamous cell carcinoma, tumor depth of invasion, and the prognostic index. Tumors in the foreskin have a better prognosis because they are of lower grade and more superficial than those of the glans. Neoplasms with superficially spreading, multicentric, or verruciform patterns of growth carry a better prognosis than those of a vertical growth. There is a correlation between high histologic grade, deep intrapenile invasion, and nodal metastasis in penile squamous cell carcinomas. Superficially invasive tumors in the lamina propria, corpus spongiosum, or dartos tend not to be associated with metastasis whereas those deeply invasive in the corpus cavernosum, in the glans, or skin of the foreskin are associated with a high risk of metastasis. Considering the variability in the gross presentation of penile neoplasms, which make the use of a single measurement system difficult, we describe 3 methods to evaluate the depth of invasion: tumor depth (for smaller tumors-measured from the basement membrane of the adjacent uninvolved epithelium to the deepest point of tumor invasion), tumor thickness (for bulky or verruciform tumors-measured from the granular layer of the tumor to the deepest point), and anatomical levels of invasion (for all tumors. In the glans, the levels are lamina propria, corpus spongiosum, and corpus cavernosum; in the foreskin, the levels are lamina propria, dartos, and skin). The histologic subtype of squamous cell carcinoma associated with almost no risk of metastasis is the pure verrucous carcinoma. A mixed component should be ruled out by submitting multiple sections of the tumor. Low risk for metastasis is found in papillary NOS (not otherwise specified) and warty (condylomatous) carcinomas. Basaloid and sarcomatoid carcinomas are associated with higher risk of nodal metastasis. Vascular invasion is a more important predictor of metastasis than perineural invasion. The prognostic index is a system we use in our practice to predict metastasis and survival. It is represented by numbers 1 to 6, arrived at by adding numerical values given to histologic grades (1-3) and to anatomical levels of invasion (1-3) in the glans and foreskin. Low indexes (1-4) are associated with low metastatic rate. The use of prognostic molecular markers is ...

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“…47 In one study, marked peritumoral infiltration of eosinophils was reported to correlate with improved survival in patients with penile carcinoma. 48 …”

Section: Molecular and Other Prognostic Factorsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Identification of Prognostic Pathologic Parameters in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis

Cubilla

Velázquez

Ayala

et al. 2005

Pathology Case Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Some of these have been found in cancer patients - either in the tumor tissue [ 1 ] or in the blood [ 4 ]. Results from studies in other cancer locations suspect procancer effects of eosinophils via activation on stromal fibroblasts and angiogenesis [ 6 , 20 ]. In addition, eosinophils are capable to contact directly with tumor cells and trigger them into the apoptotic pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of eosinophils in cancer has been established in some locations and malignant classes, despite some contradictory reports [ 3 - 5 ]. Tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) may be associated either with good or poor patient prognosis [ 6 - 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Analysis of Tumor-associated Tissue Eosinophilia in Recurring Bladder Cancer

Popov

Donev

Ghenev

2018

Cureus

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The relatively high incidence of recurrence of bladder cancer is a serious problem in clinical practice. At present, there are no objective microscopic criteria for evaluation of the tendency for local relapse. Besides the phenotypic properties of the tumor parenchymal cells, possible signs in regard to recurrence could also be derived from the peculiarities of the tumor stroma. The stromal reaction, manifested by inflammatory infiltration in the tumor is considered to influence the biological behavior of tumors. Also, a relationship has been reported between the number of eosinophils and the survival of patients. The aim of the present study is to analyze tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia (TATE) and to compare TATE density in the initial foci of age and gender-matched 156 cases of recurrent and non-recurrent bladder cancers; the tumors that have relapsed within six months after removal and contained statistically significant greater numbers of eosinophils in primary cancer sites. These results suggest that TATE may be one of the probable prognostic signs for local relapse of urothelial cancer.

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“…Several research studies have revealed an enhanced prognosis with tumor‐associated tissue eosinophilia and eosinophil degranulation indications in many types of solid tumors, such as esophageal cell and oral squamous carcinoma, penile cancer, colon tumors, bladder carcinoma, laryngeal carcinoma, pulmonary adenocarcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and prostate cancer . A further detailed analysis has shown that eosinophil trafficking is related to ILC2s and is regulated via the constitutive eotaxin‐1 expression and IL‐5 driven ILC2 circadian expression .…”

Section: The Most Prevalent Cancers Associated With Ilcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…136 These results suggest that ILC1s may take part in the antitumor immune response caused by systemic or local IL-15 administration and also contribute to initiation and growth of gastrointestinal tumors that can be intensified by local inflammation. 5 Several research studies have revealed an enhanced prognosis with tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia and eosinophil degranulation indications in many types of solid tumors, such as esophageal cell and oral squamous carcinoma, 137,138 penile cancer, 139 colon tumors, 140 bladder carcinoma, laryngeal carcinoma, pulmonary adenocarcinoma, 141 nasopharyngeal carcinoma 142 and prostate cancer. 143,144 A further detailed analysis has shown that eosinophil trafficking is related to ILC2s and is regulated via the constitutive eotaxin-1 expression and IL-5 driven ILC2 circadian expression.…”

Section: Ilcs and Solid Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progression or suppression: Two sides of the innate lymphoid cells in cancer

Hosseini

Sharafkandi

Seyfizadeh

et al. 2019

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) as key players in innate immunity have been shown to be significantly associated with inflammation, lymphoid neogenesis, tissue remodeling, mucosal immunity and lately have been considered a remarkable nominee for either tumor‐promoting or tumor‐inhibiting functions. This dual role of ILCs, which is driven by intrinsic and extrinsic factors like plasticity of ILCs and the tumor microenvironment, respectively, has aroused interest in ILCs subsets in past decade. So far, numerous studies in the cancer field have revealed ILCs to be key players in the initiation, progression and inhibition of tumors, therefore providing valuable insights into therapeutic approaches to utilize the immune system against cancer. Herein, the most recent achievements regarding ILCs subsets including new classifications, their transcription factors, markers, cytokine release and mechanisms that led to either progression or inhibition of many tumors have been evaluated. Additionally, the available data regarding ILCs in most prevalent cancers and new therapeutic approaches are summarized.

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Tumor‐associated tissue eosinophilia of penile cancer

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

Identification of Prognostic Pathologic Parameters in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis

Identification of Prognostic Pathologic Parameters in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis

Quantitative Analysis of Tumor-associated Tissue Eosinophilia in Recurring Bladder Cancer

Progression or suppression: Two sides of the innate lymphoid cells in cancer

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