Tumor-Educated Platelets: A Review of Current and Potential Applications in Solid Tumors

Varkey, Joyce; Nicolaides, Theodore

doi:10.7759/cureus.19189

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It has been known for a long time that platelets interact with cancer cells and promote the metastatic cascade at all its phases. Nonetheless, since the interaction between the tumor and the platelets results in the “education” of these particles (tumor-educated platelets, TEPs), altering their transcriptional profile, RNA-seq of TEPs might open a window of new cancer biomarkers [ 85 ]. Indeed, Best et al performed RNA-seq on TEPs from 228 cancer patients and 55 healthy individuals and identified 2246 differentially expressed mRNAs, of which 1072 were selected for constructing a machine learning classifier.…”

Section: Multi-cancer Early Detection (Mced) Tests: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifting the Cancer Screening Paradigm: The Rising Potential of Blood-Based Multi-Cancer Early Detection Tests

Brito-Rocha

Constâncio

Henrique

et al. 2023

Cells

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Cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, partly owing to late detection which entails limited and often ineffective therapeutic options. Most cancers lack validated screening procedures, and the ones available disclose several drawbacks, leading to low patient compliance and unnecessary workups, adding up the costs to healthcare systems. Hence, there is a great need for innovative, accurate, and minimally invasive tools for early cancer detection. In recent years, multi-cancer early detection (MCED) tests emerged as a promising screening tool, combining molecular analysis of tumor-related markers present in body fluids with artificial intelligence to simultaneously detect a variety of cancers and further discriminate the underlying cancer type. Herein, we aim to provide a highlight of the variety of strategies currently under development concerning MCED, as well as the major factors which are preventing clinical implementation. Although MCED tests depict great potential for clinical application, large-scale clinical validation studies are still lacking.

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Section: Multi-cancer Early Detection (Mced) Tests: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifting the Cancer Screening Paradigm: The Rising Potential of Blood-Based Multi-Cancer Early Detection Tests

Brito-Rocha

Constâncio

Henrique

et al. 2023

Cells

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show abstract

“…Other examples of biomarkers include platelets and neutrophils, which help CTCs to evade the immune system and survive in the bloodstream by forming clusters or aggregates with CTCs [177][178][179]. EVs contain integrins, such as αVβ5 for liver metastasis or α6β4 and α6β1 for lung metastasis, that are responsible for guiding cancer cells to specific organs, contributing to the formation of the pre-metastatic niche and influencing the site of metastatic colonization [180,181].…”

Section: The Metastatic Cascade and Associated Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Biopsy in Lung Cancer: Biomarkers for the Management of Recurrence and Metastasis

Souza

Forder²,

Brockley³

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Liquid biopsies have emerged as a promising tool for the detection of metastases as well as local and regional recurrence in lung cancer. Liquid biopsy tests involve analyzing a patient’s blood, urine, or other body fluids for the detection of biomarkers, including circulating tumor cells or tumor-derived DNA/RNA that have been shed into the bloodstream. Studies have shown that liquid biopsies can detect lung cancer metastases with high accuracy and sensitivity, even before they are visible on imaging scans. Such tests are valuable for early intervention and personalized treatment, aiming to improve patient outcomes. Liquid biopsies are also minimally invasive compared to traditional tissue biopsies, which require the removal of a sample of the tumor for further analysis. This makes liquid biopsies a more convenient and less risky option for patients, particularly those who are not good candidates for invasive procedures due to other medical conditions. While liquid biopsies for lung cancer metastases and relapse are still being developed and validated, they hold great promise for improving the detection and treatment of this deadly disease. Herein, we summarize available and novel approaches to liquid biopsy tests for lung cancer metastases and recurrence detection and describe their applications in clinical practice.

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“…[14] Increasing evidence suggests that in addition to their traditional roles in hemostasis and thrombosis, platelets are also local and systemic responders during carcinogenesis and metastasis. [15][16][17][18] By interacting with tumor cells or tumorassociated biomolecules, platelets respond to signals released by tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment. [19,20] Due to their high abundance, easy accessibility, and multiway interplay with tumor cells, platelets, and their characteristics have emerged in recent years as a potential valuable liquid biopsy source for cancer diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superresolution Fluorescence Microscopy of Platelet Subcellular Structures as a Potential Tumor Liquid Biopsy

Deng

Hong

et al. 2023

Small Methods

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Blood‐based tumor liquid biopsies are promising as an alternative or complement to tissue biopsies due to their noninvasiveness, convenience, and safety, and there is still a great demand for the discovery of new biomarkers for these biopsies. Here, nanoscale distribution patterns of subcellular structures in platelets, as imaged by structured illumination superresolution fluorescence microscopy, as a new type of potential biomarker for tumor liquid biopsies are presented. A standardized protocol for platelet sample preparation and developed an automated high‐throughput image analysis workflow is established. The diagnostic capability based on the statistical analysis of 280 000 superresolution images of individual platelets from a variety of tumor patients, benign mass patients, and healthy volunteers (n = 206) is explored. These results suggest that the nanoscale distribution patterns of α‐granules in platelets have the potential to be biomarkers for several cancers, including glioma and cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, facilitating not only diagnosis but also therapeutic monitoring. This study provides a promising novel type of platelet parameter for tumor liquid biopsies at the subcellular level rather than the existing cellular or molecular level and opens up a new avenue for clinical applications of superresolution imaging techniques.

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Tumor-Educated Platelets: A Review of Current and Potential Applications in Solid Tumors

Cited by 16 publications

References 49 publications

Shifting the Cancer Screening Paradigm: The Rising Potential of Blood-Based Multi-Cancer Early Detection Tests

Shifting the Cancer Screening Paradigm: The Rising Potential of Blood-Based Multi-Cancer Early Detection Tests

Liquid Biopsy in Lung Cancer: Biomarkers for the Management of Recurrence and Metastasis

Superresolution Fluorescence Microscopy of Platelet Subcellular Structures as a Potential Tumor Liquid Biopsy

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