Tumor embolism and acute arterial occlusion: A systematic review

Hussain, Syed Mohammad Asim

doi:10.1016/j.sopen.2022.10.006

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In general, cerebral tumor embolism is mostly caused by atrial myxoma, of which extracardiac carcinoma is a particularly rare (9,10). Oyama et al reported the case of a patient with cerebral tumor emboli caused by lung cancer, in which CT displayed direct invasion into the pulmonary vein or the left atrium (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cerebral Embolism Caused by a Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Matsunaga,

Kikuno,

Sakamoto

et al. 2024

Intern. Med.

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A 31-year-old man with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) had undergone resection of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) on the buttock 3 months previously. He subsequently underwent mechanical thrombectomy for a hyperacute left middle cerebral artery embolism. Histopathologically, the emboli comprised neurofilament-positive pleomorphic tumor cells with geographic necrosis and conspicuous mitosis and were identified as MPNST. The patient died of respiratory failure due to lung MPNST metastasis on day 15 of hospitalization. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a spontaneous cerebral embolism due to MPNST in a NF-1 patient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cerebral Embolism Caused by a Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Matsunaga,

Kikuno,

Sakamoto

et al. 2024

Intern. Med.

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“…Interestingly, almost all cases of lung metastases underwent lung resection and chemotherapy. Surgical manipulation and cytoreductive therapy can cause embolism of cancer cells [ 24 ], which could enter the systemic circulation and deposit in the thyroid gland via the superior and inferior thyroid arteries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal cancer metastases in thyroid: case report and literature review

2023

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Background The thyroid gland is an uncommon site for metastatic deposits from non-thyroid malignancies, occurring in only 1.4 - 3% of surgical specimens where malignancy is suspected. It is even rarer for the source of thyroid metastases to be of colorectal origin. In most cases reported, colorectal metastases in the thyroid occurs many years later after the primary colorectal cancer has been diagnosed and treated. In this unique case, a primary sigmoid carcinoma metastasised to the thyroid gland and presented synchronously as a thyroid nodule. Case presentation We describe a case of a 64-year-old Caucasian woman who presented with clinical features of metastatic cancer of unknown origin. Her medical history included underlying hyperthyroidism. She had a large pelvic mass adjacent to the sigmoid colon, a left lower lobe lung mass and a suspicious nodule in the left thyroid lobe. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the thyroid nodule was performed, which remarkably showed malignant cells originating from primary colorectal cancer on immunohistochemical staining. The patient was managed with palliative chemotherapy given the poor prognosis due to disseminated colorectal malignancy. Conclusions Colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases can rarely present as a metastatic thyroid nodule. Fine-needle aspiration should be performed in suspicious thyroid nodules and may be the least invasive way of identifying a metastatic colorectal or other non-thyroidal malignancy in patients presenting with an unknown primary. The pathologist should be vigilant to this possibility and specific immunohistochemical markers should be used to ensure accurate diagnosis. In thyroid metastases, the prognosis is ultimately determined by the primary tumour but thyroidectomy still has a role in alleviating compressive symptoms and can potentially improve survival in selected cases.

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“…Although venous thromboembolism has been extensively studied, arterial thrombosis is also more frequent in cancer patients compared to controls [40]. Other thrombotic complications of cancer also exist, such as chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombotic microangiopathy [38].…”

Section: Clinical and Subclinical Thromboembolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer-Induced Resting Sinus Tachycardia: An Overlooked Clinical Diagnosis

Sakellakis,

Reet,

Kladas

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Elevated resting heart rate is frequently observed in cancer patients, and is associated with increased mortality. Although specific chemotherapeutic agents can induce cardiotoxicity, the presence of sinus tachycardia in chemotherapy-naive patients suggests other factors likely contribute to this clinical presentation. Despite its prevalence, cancer-associated resting sinus tachycardia has not been fully recognized and comprehensively described as a separate clinical entity. Secondary effects of cancer, especially structural cardiac changes, secretory factors (inflammatory cytokines), and thromboembolic disease can cause resting tachycardia. Alternatively, rapid heart rate may reflect compensatory mechanisms responding to increased metabolic demands, raised cardiac output states, and even pain. Hence, cancer-associated tachycardia presents a clinical dilemma; acute life-threatening conditions (such as sepsis, pulmonary embolism, etc.) must be ruled out, but cancer itself can explain resting sinus tachycardia and more conservative management can avoid unnecessary testing, cost and patient stress. Furthermore, identification and management of cardiac conditions associated with cancer may improve survival and the quality of life of cancer patients.

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Tumor embolism and acute arterial occlusion: A systematic review

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

A Cerebral Embolism Caused by a Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

A Cerebral Embolism Caused by a Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in a Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Colorectal cancer metastases in thyroid: case report and literature review

Cancer-Induced Resting Sinus Tachycardia: An Overlooked Clinical Diagnosis

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