Tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy efficacy in BRAF mutation non-small-cell lung cancer

Li, Hui; Zhang, Yongchang; Xu, Yanjun; Huang, Zhiyu; Cheng, Guoping; Xie, Mingying; Zhou, Zichao; Yu, Yangyang; Xi, Wenjing; Fan, Yun

doi:10.1038/s41419-022-05510-4

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This efficacy benefit with immunochemotherapy was not observed in later lines. Another retrospective study showed similar efficacy with immunotherapy-based treatments in patients with advanced NSCLC with or without BRAF mutations; median PFS was 8.4 months in both patient populations 83 . In the BRAF cohort, median PFS was similar for V600E and non-600E mutations (10.0 versus 8.0 months).…”

Section: Treatment Landscapementioning

confidence: 87%

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BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC: disease overview and treatment landscape

Planchard,

Sanborn,

Negrao

et al. 2024

npj Precis. Onc.

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In this review, we cover the current understanding of BRAF mutations and associated clinical characteristics in patients with metastatic NSCLC, approved and emerging treatment options, BRAF sequencing approaches, and unmet needs. The BRAFV600E mutation confers constitutive activity of the MAPK pathway, leading to enhanced growth, proliferation, and survival of tumor cells. Testing for BRAF mutations enables patients to be treated with therapies that directly target BRAFV600E and the MAPK pathway, but BRAF testing lags behind other oncogene testing in metastatic NSCLC. Additional therapies targeting BRAFV600E mutations provide options for patients with metastatic NSCLC. Emerging therapies and combinations under investigation could potentially overcome issues of resistance and target non-V600E mutations. Therefore, because targeted therapies with enhanced efficacy are on the horizon, being able to identify BRAF mutations in metastatic NSCLC may become even more important.

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Section: Treatment Landscapementioning

confidence: 87%

“…Median PFS was longer in the first line than in subsequent treatment lines in patients with WT (12.8 versus 5.6 months) and BRAF-mutant (11.2 versus 4.0 months) NSCLC. These studies suggest that immunotherapy-based treatments are an option for patients with BRAF V600E -mutant advanced NSCLC 82 , 83 .…”

Section: Treatment Landscapementioning

confidence: 98%

BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC: disease overview and treatment landscape

Planchard,

Sanborn,

Negrao

et al. 2024

npj Precis. Onc.

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“…However, Li et al reported no differences of PD‐L1 expression between BRAF mutations and wild‐type BRAF groups and between two BRAF genotypes. Furthermore, patients with advanced NSCLC with V600E and non‐V600E BRAF mutations had similar OS 25 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Furthermore, patients with advanced NSCLC with V600E and non‐V600E BRAF mutations had similar OS. 25 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, patients with advanced NSCLC with V600E and non-V600E BRAF mutations had similar OS. 25 In our study, the patient received pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy based on the demonstrated benefit in the Keynote-189 study. 26 Despite of a 1.5-month interruption due to severe COVID-19 disease, he received a total of 35 pembrolizumab/pemetrexed cycles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PD‐L1‐negative non‐small cell lung cancer harbouring a rare BRAF mutation with successful treatment of first‐line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy: A case report and review the literature

Hung

Nguyen

Bich

et al. 2023

Respirology Case Reports

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BRAF mutations are uncommon in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), accounting for less than 5% of all NSCLC cases. The utilization of targeted therapies in non‐V600E BRAF mutant NSCLC is considered controversial, although non‐V600E genotype is reported in ~50% of all BRAF mutant patients. We document the case of a 63‐year‐old patient with NSCLC harbouring a rare BRAF E501Q mutation, who had prolonged response to immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in Vietnam. The patient was diagnosed with metastatic PD‐L1‐negative lung adenocarcinoma and received pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy as first‐line treatment. After completing 35 cycles of pembrolizumab and pemetrexed, his disease has remained stable during the treatment‐free follow‐up period, and he is alive 38 months after treatment initiation at the latest follow‐up. Immune‐based therapy is an appropriate option for lung adenocarcinoma with rare non‐V600E BRAF mutation. Further clinical studies are necessary to determine the effectiveness of using immune‐based therapy in this specific population.

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Multi-omics and artificial intelligence predict clinical outcomes of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients

Mei,

Wang,

Zhou

2024

Clin Exp Med

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In recent years, various types of immunotherapy, particularly the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death 1 or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), have revolutionized the management and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer. PD-L1 is frequently used as a biomarker for predicting the likely benefit of immunotherapy for patients. However, some patients receiving immunotherapy have high response rates despite having low levels of PD-L1. Therefore, the identification of this group of patients is extremely important to improve prognosis. The tumor microenvironment contains tumor, stromal, and infiltrating immune cells with its composition differing significantly within tumors, between tumors, and between individuals. The omics approach aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of each patient through high-throughput extracted features, promising a more comprehensive characterization of this complex ecosystem. However, features identified by high-throughput methods are complex and present analytical challenges to clinicians and data scientists. It is thus feasible that artificial intelligence could assist in the identification of features that are beyond human discernment as well as in the performance of repetitive tasks. In this paper, we review the prediction of immunotherapy efficacy by different biomarkers (genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, microbiomic, and radiomic), together with the use of artificial intelligence and the challenges and future directions of these fields.

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Tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy efficacy in BRAF mutation non-small-cell lung cancer

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC: disease overview and treatment landscape

BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic NSCLC: disease overview and treatment landscape

PD‐L1‐negative non‐small cell lung cancer harbouring a rare BRAF mutation with successful treatment of first‐line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy: A case report and review the literature

Multi-omics and artificial intelligence predict clinical outcomes of immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients

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