Tumor marker α-fetoprotein receptor does not discriminate between benign prostatic disease and prostate cancer

Smrkolj, Tomaž; Gubina, Borut; Bizjak, J.; Kumer, Kristina; Fabjan, Teja; Osredkar, Joško

doi:10.17219/acem/65432

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In veterinary medicine, there has been interest in leveraging protein biomarkers such as thymidine kinase type 1 (TK1), canine C-reactive protein (cCRP), and alpha-fetoprotein receptor (RECAF) for canine cancer detection (153,154); however, such protein biomarkers are not highly specific for canine cancer and can be elevated due to other reasons including immune-mediated hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and polyarthropathy (155). In human medicine, protein biomarkers such as RECAF and AFP have demonstrated limited sensitivity and specificity for cancer detection (143,156).…”

Section: Protein Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizons in Veterinary Precision Oncology: Fundamentals of Cancer Genomics and Applications of Liquid Biopsy for the Detection, Characterization, and Management of Cancer in Dogs

Chibuk¹,

Flory²,

Kruglyak³

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Cancer is the leading cause of death in dogs, in part because many cases are identified at an advanced stage when clinical signs have developed, and prognosis is poor. Increased understanding of cancer as a disease of the genome has led to the introduction of liquid biopsy testing, allowing for detection of genomic alterations in cell-free DNA fragments in blood to facilitate earlier detection, characterization, and management of cancer through non-invasive means. Recent discoveries in the areas of genomics and oncology have provided a deeper understanding of the molecular origins and evolution of cancer, and of the “one health” similarities between humans and dogs that underlie the field of comparative oncology. These discoveries, combined with technological advances in DNA profiling, are shifting the paradigm for cancer diagnosis toward earlier detection with the goal of improving outcomes. Liquid biopsy testing has already revolutionized the way cancer is managed in human medicine – and it is poised to make a similar impact in veterinary medicine. Multiple clinical use cases for liquid biopsy are emerging, including screening, aid in diagnosis, targeted treatment selection, treatment response monitoring, minimal residual disease detection, and recurrence monitoring. This review article highlights key scientific advances in genomics and their relevance for veterinary oncology, with the goal of providing a foundational introduction to this important topic for veterinarians. As these technologies migrate from human medicine into veterinary medicine, improved awareness and understanding will facilitate their rapid adoption, for the benefit of veterinary patients.

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Section: Protein Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horizons in Veterinary Precision Oncology: Fundamentals of Cancer Genomics and Applications of Liquid Biopsy for the Detection, Characterization, and Management of Cancer in Dogs

Chibuk¹,

Flory²,

Kruglyak³

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Unlike AFP, which was the first clinical oncomarker discovered by Dr. Abelev and Dr. Tatarinov, AFPR should be considered the #1 oncomarker. AFPR is not universal oncomarker, but it was found in most liquid and solid cancers [22][23][24]. Due to the AFPR absence in healthy cells, AFP have been used for the toxins targeted delivery to cancer cells [18].…”

Section: Cancer Therapy and Oncology International Journalmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Perfect Combination of the Most Powerful Cancer Immunotherapy with the Best Targeted Chemotherapy

Pak¹

2022

CTOIJ

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Cancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. There are cancer treatments like chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and immunotherapy. A combination of therapies can lead to a cancer cure. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) activity prevents the success of many immune-and chemotherapies. MDSCs depletion prevails over other cancer immunotherapies because it activates both innate and adaptive immunity. On the other hand, the best-targeted chemotherapy specifically kills cancer cells, including cancer stem ones that are at the roots of metastases leading to 90% of deaths of cancer. The low differentiated MDSCs, cancer stem cells, and most cancers absorb alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) loaded with nutrients through AFP receptor (AFPR)-mediated endocytosis. So, the AFP-toxin drug is targeted chemotherapy that hits simultaneously to MDSCs and cancer cells. In my opinion, it is the perfect combination of the most powerful cancer immunotherapy and the best-targeted chemotherapy. For example, the AFP-maytansine conjugate demonstrated 100% survival in tumor-bearing T cell-deficient mice.

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“…Cancer cells regain this ability [7]. The AFPR is a number one oncofetal antigen because, unlike AFP (which is also oncofetal antigen, testicular cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma marker), it is re-expressed by most types of cancer, though it is not a universal tumor marker [8]. The AFPR is mostly absent in normal adult cells, except for a small population of regulatory immune cells -myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

α-fetoprotein-binding Toxins and Teratogens Against Cancer

Pak¹

2018

Ther. Deliv.

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Tumor marker α-fetoprotein receptor does not discriminate between benign prostatic disease and prostate cancer

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

Horizons in Veterinary Precision Oncology: Fundamentals of Cancer Genomics and Applications of Liquid Biopsy for the Detection, Characterization, and Management of Cancer in Dogs

Horizons in Veterinary Precision Oncology: Fundamentals of Cancer Genomics and Applications of Liquid Biopsy for the Detection, Characterization, and Management of Cancer in Dogs

The Perfect Combination of the Most Powerful Cancer Immunotherapy with the Best Targeted Chemotherapy

α-fetoprotein-binding Toxins and Teratogens Against Cancer

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