Tumorigenic Effects of Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals are Alleviated by Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Root Extract through Suppression of AhR Expression in Mammalian Cells

Chu, Xiao; Cruz, Joseph de la; Hwang, Seong Gu; Hong, Heeok

doi:10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.12.4809

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…When DMBA or TCDD were used as the AhR agonists in MCF-7 cells, isoliquiritigenin reduced AhR translocation to the nucleus and diminished AhR interaction with XREs leading to downregulation of DMBA and TCDD-mediated induction of CYP1A1, 1A2, and 1B1 ( Wong et al, 2014 ). Similarly, G. glabra extract suppressed the tumorigenic effects of TCDD by downregulating AhR, arylhydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, and CYP1A1 genes and inducing cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells ( Chu et al, 2014 ). These data suggest that different species of licorice could have a variety of effects on estrogen metabolism, which further emphasizes the importance of authentication of material and standardization to bioactive compounds.…”

Section: Botanicals For Breast Cancer Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

et al. 2016

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Botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women’s health, particularly for older women. The specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. Younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. Botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. Some examples include Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Angelica sinensis (dong quai), Viburnum opulus/prunifolium (cramp bark and black haw), and Zingiber officinale (ginger). Pregnant women have also used ginger for relief from nausea. Natural galactagogues for lactating women include Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and Silybum marianum (milk thistle); however, rigorous safety and efficacy studies are lacking. Older women suffering menopausal symptoms are increasingly likely to use botanicals, especially since the Women’s Health Initiative showed an increased risk for breast cancer associated with traditional hormone therapy. Serotonergic mechanisms similar to antidepressants have been proposed for Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) and Valeriana officinalis (valerian). Plant extracts with estrogenic activities for menopausal symptom relief include Glycine max (soy), Trifolium pratense (red clover), Pueraria lobata (kudzu), Humulus lupulus (hops), Glycyrrhiza species (licorice), Rheum rhaponticum (rhubarb), Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed), Epimedium species (herba Epimedii, horny goat weed), and Medicago sativa (alfalfa). Some of the estrogenic botanicals have also been shown to have protective effects against osteoporosis. Several of these botanicals could have additional breast cancer preventive effects linked to hormonal, chemical, inflammatory, and/or epigenetic pathways. Finally, although botanicals are perceived as natural safe remedies, it is important for women and their healthcare providers to realize that they have not been rigorously tested for potential toxic effects and/or drug/botanical interactions. Understanding the mechanism of action of these supplements used for women’s health will ultimately lead to standardized botanical products with higher efficacy, safety, and chemopreventive properties.

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Section: Botanicals For Breast Cancer Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

et al. 2016

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“…Liquorice also exhibits ulcer‐healing properties and mild anti‐inflammatory effects. In addition, liquorice inhibits mammalian cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest (Chu et al, ). The major water‐soluble constituent of liquorice is glycyrrhizin, and this compound is partially hydrolysed by glucuronidase to aglycone glycyrrhetinic acid, which exists in the 18‐α‐glycyrrhetinic acid (18α‐GA) and 18‐β stereoisomeric forms (Wang et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible pharmacotherapy for nifedipine‐induced gingival overgrowth: 18α‐glycyrrhetinic acid inhibits human gingival fibroblast growth

Takeuchi

Hiratsuka

Arikawa

et al. 2016

British J Pharmacology

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThis investigation aimed to establish the basis of a pharmacotherapy for nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth. Gingival overgrowth has been attributed to the enhanced growth of gingival fibroblasts. In this study, we investigated the effects of 18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid (18α-GA) on growth, the cell cycle, and apoptosis and on the regulators of these processes in gingival fibroblasts isolated from patients who presented with nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHGingival fibroblasts were cultured in medium containing 1% FBS with/without 10 μM 18α-GA for 24 or 48 h, and the cell number, cell cycle phase distribution, relative DNA content, apoptotic cell number and morphological characteristics of the cells undergoing apoptosis were measured together with the levels of proteins that regulate these processes and the level of caspase activity. KEY RESULTS18α-GA significantly decreased cell numbers and significantly increased the percentage of cells in the sub-G 1 and G 0 /G 1 phases of the cell cycle and the number of apoptotic cells. Nuclear condensation and fragmentation of cells into small apoptotic bodies appeared in the fibroblasts treated with 18α-GA. In addition, 18α-GA significantly decreased the protein levels of cyclins A and D1, CDKs 2 and 6, phosphorylated Rb (ser 780 and ser 807/811 ), Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 and increased the protein levels of p27, cytosolic cytochrome c, pro-caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-3 and the activities of caspases 3 and 9. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS18α-GA inhibited gingival fibroblast growth by suppressing the G 1 /S phase transition and inducing apoptosis. In conclusion, 18α-GA may be used as a pharmacotherapy for nifedipine-induced gingival overgrowth.

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“…Studies have shown that glycyrrhiza extract can inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells MCF-7 by increasing the expression of tumor suppressor genes p53 and p27 and reducing the expression of cell cycle-related genes [10]. Glycyrrhizin is a compound called dihydroflavonoid monomer extracted from glycyrrhiza.…”

Section: Anti-tumormentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism of Glycyrrhiza Extract and Its Application in Poultry Production

Bordunova¹,

Вечорка²,

Лю³

et al. 2021

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The article presents studies of the effect of phytogenic preparations on the immune system and productivity of agricultural animals. Analysing the growing interest in the world in phytogenic drug, the article presents studies of the most popular herbal medicines- glycyrrhiza. This drug is one of the components of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs. Glycyrrhiza has the functions of invigorating qi and strengthening the spleen, expectorating phlegm and relieving cough and pain, clearing heat and detoxification, and reconciling the properties of medicine. Traditionally, this drug has been used for the prevention and treatment of humans as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, liver protection, skin care. It is known that glycyrrhiza residues in animal products do not have side effects on the human body, and this fact draws even more attention to the wider use of glycyrrhiza in modern animal husbandry. However, some of the active components of glycyrrhiza, at the moment, are not fully research. The extraction process is also being studied. The mechanism of disease resistance and treatment with this drug are currently not very clear. As a result, the drug is not widely used in animal husbandry and poultry farming. Glycyrrhiza contains triterpene saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides and other biologically active substances that are beneficial to the body. Possessing a complex of unique properties, such as: antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, as well as the ability to regulate the immune and biological activity of the body, control blood sugar levels, it is increasingly attracting attention to itself. This article reviews the chemical composition, mechanism of action and application of glycyrrhiza in poultry production, in order to provide a reference for the application of glycyrrhiza extract in poultry production.

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Tumorigenic Effects of Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals are Alleviated by Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Root Extract through Suppression of AhR Expression in Mammalian Cells

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health

Possible pharmacotherapy for nifedipine‐induced gingival overgrowth: 18α‐glycyrrhetinic acid inhibits human gingival fibroblast growth

The Mechanism of Glycyrrhiza Extract and Its Application in Poultry Production

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