Tumors of the ocular surface: A review

Abstract

Tumors of the Ocular Surface clinically manifest with a very wide spectrum and include several forms of epithelial, stromal, caruncular, and secondary tumors. As a group, these tumors are seen commonly in the clinical practice of a comprehensive ophthalmologist, cornea specialist, and an ocular oncologist. This review is aimed to discuss the common tumors of the ocular surface and emphasize on their clinical diagnosis and appropriate management.

Clinical and histopathological evaluation of 312 excised conjunctival tumors

“…PAM z atypią rozpoznawano równie często u kobiet i u mężczyzn, PAM bez atypii natomiast częściej u mężczyzn (64%). W przypadku melanozy niezwykle ważne jest określenie atypii w badaniu histopatologicznym, ponieważ w od 12% do 50% przypadków PAM z atypią ma tendencję do transformacji w czerniaka (2,(13)(14)(15), podczas gdy PAM bez atypii nie wiąże się z ryzykiem transformacji nowotworowej (16). Niestety, klinicznie te zmiany są praktycznie nie do odróżnienia (16).…”

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia: Are we calling a spade a spade?

“…[1] It is important to understand that dysplasia and carcinoma in situ , together constituting conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), are premalignant by definition, and SCC is malignant. [12] Despite OSSN being one of the most common premalignant and malignant lesions of the ocular surface, confusion prevails regarding its basic nomenclature. [3]…”

“…[2] There should be no compromise in the surgical protocol as even an invasive SCC can clinically mimic dysplasia or carcinoma in situ . Patients with corneal stromal invasion or scleral infiltration would benefit by excision with lamellar dissection, followed by plaque brachytherapy to the tumor base.…”

Histopathological Study of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia in Biopsies Received at Tertiary Care Centre

“…Cryotherapy is also useful (8) Reported recurrence rate of OSSN is 15-52%. Lee and Herst reported a 17% recurrence after excision of conjunctival dysplasia, 40% after excision of CIS and 30% for SCC of conjunctiva 2 .…”

“…Unless the lesion is encroaching onto the pupillary area, vision is spared. Presenting clinical features of this entity are swelling, redness, irritation and feeder vessels surrounding the lesion (1,2,5,7,8) .…”