Tumour Microenvironment in Skin Carcinogenesis

Georgescu, Simona Roxana; Tampa, Mircea; Mitran, Cristina Iulia; Mitran, Mădălina Irina; Căruntu, Constantin; Căruntu, Ana; Lupu, Mihai; Matei, Clara; Constantin, Carolina; Neagu, Monica

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-36214-0_10

Cited by 48 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…However, similar to earlier research [54], we found dermal dendritic cells in under half of the lip SCCs (3/8) and these results do not allow for a significant association between this element and lip SCC. On the other hand, we observed the presence of inflammatory cells in the dermis in half of the ACs and almost all (6/8) of the SCCs, which is in line with other studies [54], and reveals traits of the tumor microenvironment [55]. While not statistically significant, Hartmann et al [56] reported an increased frequency of RCM-observed dermal tumor nests and peritumoral inflammatory infiltrates in moderately differentiated SCCs compared to well differentiated SCCs.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

In Vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy-Diagnostic Criteria for Actinic Cheilitis and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip

Lupu

Căruntu

Boda

et al. 2020

JCM

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Actinic cheilitis (AC) is one of the most frequent pathologies to affect the lips. Studies show that the most commonplace oral malignancy, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), often emerges from AC lesions. Invasive diagnostic techniques performed on the lips carry a high risk of complications, but reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), a non-invasive skin imaging technique, may change the current diagnostic pathway. This retrospective study was aimed at consolidating the RCM diagnostic criteria for AC and lip SCC. The study was conducted in two tertiary care centers in Bucharest, Romania. We included adults with histopathologically confirmed AC and SCC who also underwent RCM examination. Of the twelve lesions included in the study, four were AC and eight were SCC. An atypical honeycomb pattern and the presence of target cells in the epidermis were RCM features associated with AC. SCC was typified by the presence of complete disruption of the epidermal architecture and dermal inflammatory infiltrates. The mean blood vessel diameter in SCC was 18.55 µm larger than that in AC (p = 0.006) and there was no significant difference (p = 0.64) in blood vessel density, as measured by RCM, between SCC and AC. These data confirm that RCM can be useful for the in vivo distinction between AC and lip SCC.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

In Vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy-Diagnostic Criteria for Actinic Cheilitis and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip

Lupu

Căruntu

Boda

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Its pathogenesis remains incompletely elucidated; however, several risk factors have been identified. cSCC rarely occurs on healthy skin [3]. Chronic sun exposure is one of the most important factors; sunrelated skin lesions, especially actinic keratoses, are described as precursors of cSCC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Beta HPV Types and HPV-Associated Inflammatory Processes in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Tampa

Mitran

et al. 2020

Journal of Immunology Research

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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common form of skin cancer with a complex but not fully understood pathogenesis. Recent research suggests the role of beta human papillomavirus (HPV) types and HPV-associated inflammatory processes in cSCC development. Beta HPV types are components of the normal flora; however, under the influence of certain cofactors, the virus may trigger a malignant process. Dysregulation of the immune system (chronic inflammation and immunosuppression), environmental factors (ultraviolet radiation), and genetic factors are the most important cofactors involved in beta HPV-related carcinogenesis. In addition, the oncoproteins E6 and E7 of beta HPV types differ biochemically from their counterparts in the structure of alpha HPV types, resulting in different mechanisms of action in carcinogenesis. The aim of our manuscript is to present an updated point of view on the involvement of beta HPV types in cSCC pathogenesis.

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“…Until recently, adipose tissue was primarily assigned the role of lipid storage. Current knowledge allows us to recognize it also as an inflammatory and hormonal organ [ 119 , 120 ]. Adipocytes secrete factors collectively termed adipokines, which include inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)), metabolic markers (insulin-like growth factor-binding protein (IGFBP), FGF-21), angiogenic growth factors (endocan, HGF, VEGF, IGF-I), and hormones (leptin, resistin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4)) ( Figure 4 ) [ 121 ].…”

Section: Adipocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stromal Cells Present in the Melanoma Niche Affect Tumor Invasiveness and Its Resistance to Therapy

Mazurkiewicz

Simiczyjew

Dratkiewicz

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Malignant melanoma is a highly metastatic type of cancer, which arises frequently from transformed pigment cells and melanocytes as a result of long-term UV radiation exposure. In recent years, the incidence of newly diagnosed melanoma patients reached 5% of all cancer cases. Despite the development of novel targeted therapies directed against melanoma-specific markers, patients’ response to treatment is often weak or short-term due to a rapid acquisition of drug resistance. Among the factors affecting therapy effectiveness, elements of the tumor microenvironment play a major role. Melanoma niche encompasses adjacent cells, such as keratinocytes, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), adipocytes, and immune cells, as well as components of the extracellular matrix and tumor-specific physicochemical properties. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the influence of cancer-associated cells (keratinocytes, CAFs, adipocytes) on the process of melanomagenesis, tumor progression, invasiveness, and the emergence of drug resistance in melanoma. We also address how melanoma can alter the differentiation and activation status of cells present in the tumor microenvironment. Understanding these complex interactions between malignant and cancer-associated cells could improve the development of effective antitumor therapeutic strategies.

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Tumour Microenvironment in Skin Carcinogenesis

Cited by 48 publications

References 110 publications

In Vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy-Diagnostic Criteria for Actinic Cheilitis and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip

In Vivo Reflectance Confocal Microscopy-Diagnostic Criteria for Actinic Cheilitis and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip

The Role of Beta HPV Types and HPV-Associated Inflammatory Processes in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Stromal Cells Present in the Melanoma Niche Affect Tumor Invasiveness and Its Resistance to Therapy

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