Tumours: Immunotherapy

Salem, Mohamed L.; Rubinstein, Mark P.; Cole, David J.

doi:10.1002/9780470015902.a0001432.pub2

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Active therapy comprises the destruction of tumour cells by a direct effect or by indirectly stimulating immune responses. 35 One of the most frequently used strategies is to take advantage of soluble molecules, such as cytokines, 8 which are independent of antigen recognition by host immune cells. Such an approach is known as nonspecific-antigen immunotherapy.…”

Section: Immunotherapy Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 6 or 8 weeks of culture, the increased number of cells can be transferred into the host where TILs localize to the tumour and start an in situ anti-tumour reaction. 35 The use of antibodies generated ex vivo against a particular antigen works also as an adoptive transfer of immunity that generates a specific humoral response. This approach has been widely used for the treatment of diverse types of cancer as will be discussed below.…”

Section: Immunotherapy Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, the main vaccine subtypes developed so far are (i) tumour antigen-based, (ii) peptide-based, (iii) dendritic cell-based, (iv) vector-based and (v) idiotype-based vaccines (for an exhaustive revision see ref. 35). Hobo et al, 52 developed a dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine with improved immunogenic potential by transfecting DCs with the small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) of PD-1 ligands combined with a target antigen mRNA electroporation.…”

Section: Immunotherapy Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New clinical advances in immunotherapy for the treatment of solid tumours

Zavala

Kalergis

2015

Immunology

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SummaryAdvances in understanding the mechanisms of cancer cells for evading the immune system surveillance, including how the immune system modulates the phenotype of tumours, have allowed the development of new therapies that benefit from this complex cellular network to specifically target and destroy cancer cells. Immunotherapy researchers have mainly focused on the discovery of tumour antigens that could confer specificity to immune cells to detect and destroy cancer cells, as well as on the mechanisms leading to an improved activation of effector immune cells. The Food and Drug Administration approval in 2010 of ipilumumab for melanoma treatment and of pembrolizumab in 2014, monoclonal antibodies against T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 and programmed cell death 1, respectively, are encouraging examples of how research in this area can successfully translate into clinical use with promising results. Currently, several ongoing clinical trials are in progress testing new anticancer therapies based on the enhancement of immune cell activity against tumour antigens. Here we discuss the general concepts related to immunotherapy and the recent application to the treatment of cancer with positive results that support their consideration of clinical application to patients.

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Section: Immunotherapy Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunotherapy Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunotherapy Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New clinical advances in immunotherapy for the treatment of solid tumours

Zavala

Kalergis

2015

Immunology

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The Use of Dendritic Cells for Peptide-Based Vaccination in Cancer Immunotherapy

Salem

2014

Methods in Molecular Biology

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Effective antitumor immunity requires the generation and persistence of functional tumor-specific T-cell responses. Among the critical factors that often control these responses is how the antigen is delivered and presented to T cells. The use of peptide-based vaccination has been found to be a promising means to induce antitumor T-cell responses but with limited effects even if the peptide is co-delivered with a potent adjuvant. This limited response could be due to cancer-induced dysfunction in dendritic cells (DC), which play a central role in shaping the quantity and quality of antitumor immunity. Therefore, DC-based peptide delivery of tumor antigen is becoming a potential approach in cancer immunotherapy. In this approach, autologous DC are generated from their precursors in bone marrow or peripheral blood mononuclear cells, loaded with tumor antigen(s) and then infused back to the tumor-bearing host in about 7 days. This DC-based vaccination can act as an antigen delivery vehicle as well as a potent adjuvant, resulting in measurable antitumor immunity in several cancer settings in preclinical and clinical studies. This chapter focuses on DC-based vaccination and how this approach can be more efficacious in cancer immunotherapy.Effective antitumor immunity requires the generation and persistence of functional tumor-specific T-cell responses. Among the critical factors that often control these responses is how the antigen is delivered and presented to T cells. The use of peptide-based vaccination has been found to be a promising means to induce antitumor T-cell responses but with limited effects even if the peptide is co-delivered with a potent adjuvant. This limited response could be due to cancer-induced dysfunction in dendritic cells (DC), which play a central role in shaping the quantity and quality of antitumor immunity. Therefore, DC-based peptide delivery of tumor antigen is becoming a potential approach in cancer immunotherapy. In this approach, autologous DC are generated from their precursors in bone marrow or peripheral blood mononuclear cells, loaded with tumor antigen(s) and then infused back to the tumor-bearing host in about 7 days. This DC-based vaccination can act as an antigen delivery vehicle as well as a potent adjuvant, resulting in measurable antitumor immunity in several cancer settings in preclinical and clinical studies. This chapter focuses on DC-based vaccination and how this approach can be more efficacious in cancer immunotherapy.

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Tumours: Immunotherapy

Cited by 2 publications

References 23 publications

New clinical advances in immunotherapy for the treatment of solid tumours

New clinical advances in immunotherapy for the treatment of solid tumours

The Use of Dendritic Cells for Peptide-Based Vaccination in Cancer Immunotherapy

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