We
demonstrate that the molecular structure of a synthetic homopolypeptide
that resembles the leg architecture of water strider insects is effective
to impart flexible polymeric surfaces with superhydrophobic behavior.
Filter paper (FP) and polyester (PET) were modified with a coating
consisting of low-molecular weight α-helical poly(γ-stearyl-α,l-glutamate) (PSLG, M
w = 4500 Da)
homopolypeptide. PSLG-coated substrates displayed near to and superhydrophobic
behavior (≥150°) as reflected by the contact angle values.
Despite being physically adsorbed, the PSLG coating uniformly covered
and was strongly adhered to the substrate surfaces. The thin coating
layer displayed remarkable mechanical abrasion resistance and was
insensitive to long-time exposure to ambient conditions. PLSG-coated
textile fibers exhibited useful and interesting properties. Under
an iron-containing load, PSLG-coated PET was able to float and “walk”
on water when exposed to a magnet. The PSLG coating was able to reduce
the adhesion of Escherichia coli, model
Gram-negative bacteria. The results indicated that the molecular geometry
of PSLG homopolypeptide, which possesses a α-helical backbone
sprouting out of highly hydrophobic stearyl side chains, was the key
feature responsible for the observed behaviors. This study is relevant
for a broad range of potential applications: from crop and drinking
water management in arid geographic areas to biomedical devices and
implants.