Tunable electrochromic photonic crystals

Kuai, Su-Lan; Bader, G.; Ashrit, P. V.

doi:10.1063/1.1929079

Cited by 96 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The quality of the crystals is indeed essential since the PBG is highly sensitive to the degree of disorder inside the structure [21]. These three-dimensionally ordered macroporous materials (3DOM) also possess structural features allowing their employment in sensors, power sources, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), catalysts, photocatalysts, supports, filters for separation, microfluidic devices and cell scaffolds [43][44][45][46][47][48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rutile TiO2 inverse opal with photonic bandgap in the UV–visible range

Piret

Léonard

et al. 2010

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rutile TiO2 inverse opal with photonic bandgap in the UV–visible range

Piret

Léonard

et al. 2010

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…One of the most interesting metal oxides is tungsten oxide, W O 3 , which has been investigated extensively because of its distinctive applications such as electrochromic [3,4,5,6,7], photochromic [8], gas sensor [9,10,11], photo-catalyst [12], and photoluminescence properties [13]. Many properties of tungsten oxide are related to its surface structure (e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Conformal Curves on theWO3Surface

2008

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We have studied the iso-height lines on the WO3 surface as a physical candidate for conformally invariant curves. We have shown that these lines are conformally invariant with the same statistics of domain walls in the critical Ising model. They belong to the family of conformal invariant curves called Schramm-Loewner evolution (or SLEκ), with diffusivity of κ ∼ 3. This can be regarded as the first experimental observation of SLE curves. We have also argued that Ballistic Deposition (BD) can serve as a growth model giving rise to contours with similar statistics at large scales. The study of random surfaces, especially their statistical properties as well as growth and evolution dynamics, has been growing over the last two decades. They describe many important problems of real surfaces appearing in condensed matter physics such as deposited metal. In addition, this kind of problems is closely related to other problems in physics such as fractured surfaces, string theory, phase transitions in two dimensions etc [1,2]. The aim of this paper is to show that conformally invariant curves appear on the iso-height contours of deposited films of W O 3 . This is the first observation of SLE in real physical system. We believe that the same result may be observed for other surfaces.Metal oxides are a large family of materials possessing various interesting properties. One of the most interesting metal oxides is tungsten oxide, W O 3 , which has been investigated extensively because of its distinctive applications such as electrochromic [3,4,5,6,7], photochromic [8], gas sensor [9, 10, 11], photo-catalyst [12], and photoluminescence properties [13]. Many properties of tungsten oxide are related to its surface structure (e.g. porosity, surface-to-volume ratio) and surface morphology and statistics such as grain size and height distribution of the sample. These properties are also affected by conditions during the growth process such as deposition method. One can change the statistics of the growth surface by imposing external parameters such as annealing temperature which can even cause phase transition in the sample [14].On the other hand, calculation of various geometrical exponents of a random Gaussian surface is of interest to theoretical physics. From this point of view, we want to study the morphology and geometrical statistics of experimental grown surfaces of W O 3 . We consider contour lines (the nonintersecting iso-hight lines) on the W O 3 samples and show that they are conformally invariant. This analysis when applied to the contour lines of the ballistic disposition (BD) model shows similar conformally invariant surface in large scales. The scaling behavior of contour lines in the growth models are widely investigated. For example in [15] the authors derived some of the universal exponents of contour lines, especially their fractal dimension D 0 and its relation to the roughness exponent α. Moreover, Schramm and Sheffield recently showed that the contour lines in a two-dimensional discrete Gaussian free field a...

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“…By mixing the active material into LCs, sensitive reflection and polarization triggered by UV light are reported by a series of subsequent researches [77][78][79]. Besides LCs, various sensitive materials, including Ag 2 Se, WO 3 and ferroelectric ceramics, are also found functionally in incorporating with diversified photonic structures to obtain tunable structural coloration materials and thus fabricate thermo-or electro-sensors [80][81][82][83].…”

Section: N Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%