Tunable Formation of Ordered Wrinkles in Metal Films with Controlled Thickness Gradients Deposited on Soft Elastic Substrates

Shan-xin, YU; Ni, Yong; He, Linghui; Ye, Quan‐Lin

doi:10.1021/am507450x

Cited by 72 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…[ 6,7 ] Introduction of film impurity can induce local strain anisotropy and guide wrinkle orientation, achieving highly ordered wrinkle arrays. [ 8,9 ] The wavelength of wrinkles depends on the film thickness [ 10 ] and the modulus ratio of film to substrate. [ 11 ] It can range from submicron to macroscale (kilometers in tectonic plates for instance).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Heterogeneous Wrinkles in Metal/Polydimethylsiloxane Film System by Combination of Mechanical Loading and Heat Treatment

Shan-xin

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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dehydration, and atrophy. Controlling wrinkle morphologies including orientation, wavelength, and amplitude is very important and necessary for various practical applications.Generally, the orientation of wrinkles is determined by the stress distribution of the film. Unidirectional strain results in stripe-like wrinkles perpendicular to the strain axis [4,5] while multidirectional strain leads to disordered labyrinth-like or ordered herringbone wrinkles. [6,7] Introduction of film impurity can induce local strain anisotropy and guide wrinkle orientation, achieving highly ordered wrinkle arrays. [8,9] The wavelength of wrinkles depends on the film thickness [10] and the modulus ratio of film to substrate. [11] It can range from submicron to macroscale (kilometers in tectonic plates for instance). The amplitude of wrinkles is directly proportional to the wavelength and the square root of strain. [12,13] The aspect ratio of wrinkle (the ratio of amplitude to wavelength) is merely dependent on the strain. The previous studies showed that the wrinkle amplitude or aspect ratio is usually uniform for a homogeneous sample. [4][5][6][7] As the compression is beyond a critical value (20-30%), the homogeneous wrinkles evolve into localized patterns such as folds, ridges, and delaminations. [13][14][15][16][17] Localized wrinkles can be also observed in disordered or heterogeneous films such as single-wall carbon nanotubes, glassy polymers, and diblock copolymers due to spontaneous strain localization. [18,19] Artificial thickness or modulus inhomogeneities of film-substrate systems are frequently used to induce various complex arrays of localized patterns by mechanical loading. [20][21][22] Although localized patterns in disordered or artificially inhomogeneous systems have been extensively investigated, the formation and evolution of heterogeneous wrinkles (with unequal wavelengths or amplitudes compared with the sinusoidal wrinkles) in a homogeneous system remain unknown up to now. In this study, we report a novel way to tailor the heterogeneous wrinkles in metal/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) bilayer system by the combination of mechanical loading and heat treatment. The novelty of this work is concluded as following. First, the heterogeneous wrinkles in this study spontaneously form at small strain condition and evolve into homogeneous structures as the compression increases. This process is in contrast to Spontaneous wrinkled surfaces in nature usually possess unique physical and chemical properties. Inspired by nature and stimulated by practical application, artificial wrinkle patterns have received increasing interest recently. Here, the controllable heterogeneous wrinkles in metal films deposited on polydimethylsiloxane substrates by combination of mechanical loading and heat treatment is reported. It is found that the wrinkles are spontaneously localized at small strain condition due to the uneven distribution of wrinkle amplitudes on the film surface. The morphological features and underlying mechanisms of such wrink...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Heterogeneous Wrinkles in Metal/Polydimethylsiloxane Film System by Combination of Mechanical Loading and Heat Treatment

Shan-xin

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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“…PS lms (M w ¼ 2. 4 from Aldrich) were spin coated from a chloroform solution onto mica and subsequently oated onto the surface of de-ionized water, and then deposited onto the PS lms to form a bilayer. The residual solvent was removed by putting the lms in a vacuum oven for 24 h at room temperature and the thicknesses of these lms (h PS and h PMMA ) were measured by ellipsometry (MM-16, HORIBA Jobin Yvon, France).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dewetting of a pre-patterned thin polymer bilayer: influence of the instability mode

Chen

Zou

2017

RSC Adv.

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In this paper, the influence of film thickness on the layer instability mode of a thin polymer bilayer (poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)/polystyrene (PS)/Si substrate) has been investigated. The experimental results show that kinetic forces can greatly influence the instability process of the thin polymer bilayer. In the case of PS-2.4K (M w-PS ¼ 2.4 kg mol ), only the PMMA layer ruptures on the PS layer and the dewetting process is a thermodynamically controlled one. Besides, the influence of the instability mode on the template-assisted dewetting process of the thin polymer bilayer also was studied. After annealing the pre-patterned bilayer, in the case of the kinetically controlled dewetting, the PMMA film bends to conform to the buried PS-PMMA interface and concave half cylinder grooves form during the dewetting process; however, in the case of the thermodynamically controlled dewetting, PMMA chains move to the top of cylinder stripes and obvious trenches are found after PMMA chains are etched. This proposes a simple method to obtain different surface structures by changing the instability mode of the thin polymer bilayer.

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“…In previous studies, this phenomenon has been implemented by patterning thin crust. [16,18,19] For the case of wrinkle generated in a system composed of a thin stiff layer on a viscoelastic substrate with sufficiently small strain, the persistence length is given by the following scaling relation [20]…”

Section: B Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] Among the range of methods for fabricating layers with different elastic moduli, surface modification of elastic polymers has attracted interest due to its simplicity and the low likelihood of delamination due to strong adhesion between the two layers. [16,18,19] For the case of wrinkle generated in a system composed of a thin stiff layer on a viscoelastic substrate with sufficiently small strain, the persistence length is given by the following scaling relation [20] 0.5 / 1/2 ξ λ ε When compressive strain is applied to the bilayer system surface composed of a stiff thin layer on a soft substrate above some critical value (ε > ε c ), the stiff thin layer bends while the soft substrate deforms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Controlling Wrinkle Propagation in the Bilayer System with Thickness‐Gradient

Lim

Choi

Kim

2017

Adv Materials Inter

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COMMUNICATION (1 of 7)A λ ε λIn this paper, a novel strategy to control the orientation of nano wrinkles by applying a thickness-gradient to a bilayer-system is presented. Surface modification by plasma treatment on ultraviolet light-curable polysiloxanebased resin applies biaxial compressive strain, resulting in the formation of randomly oriented nanowrinkles over a large-area. The thickness-gradient of the resin, given by the meniscus formed between the groove made with patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) after spin-coating of the resin, directed wrinkle propagation. Given the propagation orientation, nanowrinkles were well aligned over a large-area using a simple and accessible method.

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Tunable Formation of Ordered Wrinkles in Metal Films with Controlled Thickness Gradients Deposited on Soft Elastic Substrates

Cited by 72 publications

References 51 publications

Harnessing Heterogeneous Wrinkles in Metal/Polydimethylsiloxane Film System by Combination of Mechanical Loading and Heat Treatment

Harnessing Heterogeneous Wrinkles in Metal/Polydimethylsiloxane Film System by Combination of Mechanical Loading and Heat Treatment

Dewetting of a pre-patterned thin polymer bilayer: influence of the instability mode

Controlling Wrinkle Propagation in the Bilayer System with Thickness‐Gradient

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