“…Therefore, RISs have attracted extensive attentions in the wireless communication community. [18][19][20][21][22][23] To date, RISs can manipulate the amplitude, [24][25][26][27] phase, [28][29][30][31] polarization, [32][33][34] group delay, [35,36] frequency, [13,15] propagation direction, [37][38][39] and the carried information [34,[40][41][42] of spatial EM waves, with the advantages of low costs and low levels of energy consumption.…”