TUNEL Assay for Histopathologic Evaluation of Irreversible Chromosomal Damage following Nonablative Fractional Photothermolysis

Farkas, Jordan P.; Richardson, James A.; Hoopman, John; Brown, Spencer A.; Kenkel, Jeffrey M.

doi:10.1097/prs.0b013e31818a9a26

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Previous studies from our group have demonstrated the histopathological injury that fractionated devices can cause in human skin. [7][8][9][10][11][12] The aim of this study was to investigate whether the principles of laser-assisted transdermal drug delivery could be used to provide complete anesthesia for facial rejuvenation without the need for supplementary nerve blocks. Several articles in the literature describe the use of laser assistance to enhance topical anesthetics 2,13,14 -for example, for venipuncture and intramuscular injections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Lidocaine Enhanced by Laser Pretreatment

Oni

Rasko

Kenkel

2013

Aesthetic Surgery Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Lidocaine Enhanced by Laser Pretreatment

Oni

Rasko

Kenkel

2013

Aesthetic Surgery Journal

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“…Though fractional lasers are widely used for facial[25–28] dermatological indications, there are only two studies that studied the histological effects of lasers on the facial skin. [2029]…”

Section: Invasive (Histological) Assessment Of Fractional Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1–20] It has been estimated that the facial skin depth (forehead, nose, medial and lateralcheeks, lips and chin) is about 2196 μm, which is composed of the epidermis (105 μm), papillary dermis (105 μm) and reticular dermis (1986 μm). [15] The predicted depth achieved (2–5 mm) with ablative fractional lasers[11131828] on abdominoplasty tissues may not be clinically applicable or relevant on the facial skin. Moreover, any AFR with a depth beyond 2200 μm ( ex vivo substrate) will have no additional advantage in real in vivo scenarios, as on the face, it will exceed the total skin depth (2196 μm).…”

Section: Invasive (Histological) Assessment Of Fractional Lasermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Histological validity and clinical evidence for use of fractional lasers for acne scars

Sardana¹,

Garg²,

Arora³

et al. 2012

J Cutan Aesthet Surg

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Though fractional lasers are widely used for acne scars, very little clinical or histological data based on the objective clinical assessment or the depth of penetration of lasers on in vivo facial tissue are available. The depth probably is the most important aspect that predicts the improvement in acne scars but the studies on histology have little uniformity in terms of substrate (tissue) used, processing and stains used. The variability of the laser setting (dose, pulses and density) makes comparison of the studies difficult. It is easier to compare the end results, histological depth and clinical results. We analysed all the published clinical and histological studies on fractional lasers in acne scars and analysed the data, both clinical and histological, by statistical software to decipher their significance. On statistical analysis, the depth was found to be variable with the 1550-nm lasers achieving a depth of 679 μm versus 10,600 nm (895 μm) and 2940 nm (837 μm) lasers. The mean depth of penetration (in μm) in relation to the energy used, in millijoules (mj), varies depending on the laser studied. This was statistically found to be 12.9–28.5 for Er:glass, 3–54.38 for Er:YAG and 6.28–53.66 for CO2. The subjective clinical improvement was a modest 46%. The lack of objective evaluation of clinical improvement and scar-specific assessment with the lack of appropriate in vivo studies is a case for combining conventional modalities like subcision, punch excision and needling with fractional lasers to achieve optimal results.

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“…16 The depth of penetration of the MTZ created by fractional phototherapy has been shown to vary depending of the energy setting used. 17,18 By increasing the energy, an ablative effect can be obtained while continuing to preserve the vascularity of the untreated areas. In theory, the depth of the fractional ablated area can extend deeper into the dermis than possible with traditional ablative resurfacing with a lower risk of complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%