2022
DOI: 10.3389/fmats.2022.912013
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Tungsten and Titanium Oxide Thin Films Obtained by the Sol-Gel Process as Electrodes in Electrochromic Devices

Abstract: In this work, WO3 and TiO2 thin films have been obtained by the sol-gel spin coating method. The as-deposited samples were annealed at different annealing temperatures in the range between 100°C and 500°C. Micro-Raman spectroscopy confirmed that WO3 thin films annealed at 100°C and 300°C are amorphous while the crystallization process occurred at 500°C as established by the typical Raman modes of γ-WO3. Amorphous thin films of TiO2 have been obtained using annealing at 100°C and 300°C. The crystalline phase of… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…These observed values are better compared to photochromic molecules such as naphthopyrans, that have an optical modulation value around 10 % [67] . The coloration efficiency (CE ( η )=Δ A / Q cm 2 /C; [68] where Δ A is the change in optical absorbance and Q is the amount of charge injected per unit area) was measured by running tandem chronoabsorptometry/chronocoulometry experiments in a spectroelectrochemical cuvette using Pt mesh working electrode, Pt wire counter electrode, Ag/Ag + as QRE, and 0.1 M TBAPF 6 /DCM. The coloration efficiency of TBFCN is 91 cm 2 /C, and for TBFFA is 82 cm 2 /C.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…These observed values are better compared to photochromic molecules such as naphthopyrans, that have an optical modulation value around 10 % [67] . The coloration efficiency (CE ( η )=Δ A / Q cm 2 /C; [68] where Δ A is the change in optical absorbance and Q is the amount of charge injected per unit area) was measured by running tandem chronoabsorptometry/chronocoulometry experiments in a spectroelectrochemical cuvette using Pt mesh working electrode, Pt wire counter electrode, Ag/Ag + as QRE, and 0.1 M TBAPF 6 /DCM. The coloration efficiency of TBFCN is 91 cm 2 /C, and for TBFFA is 82 cm 2 /C.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Raman spectroscopy is a powerful, non-destructive spectroscopic technique useful in many applications, such as the detection of pesticides, toxins, and contaminants in fruits and vegetables [1,2] the early detection of cancer biomarkers [3], microplastics detection [4], biosensing [1,[5][6][7][8][9], systems of biomedical interest [10], carbon-based materials (i.e., graphene) [11,12], thin films [13], polymers [14], cultural heritage investigations [15][16][17][18][19], and many more. The precision level reached by Raman spectroscopy even extends to micro-samples through innovative techniques that involve the so-called "spectral tweezers", a fascinating scenario that is a candidate to become a routine tool for bio-analytical investigations [20].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The phenomenon of electrochromism is attracting much attention because of its variable applications starting from smart windows up to lower power display systems [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] using different kinds of available electrochromic materials: organic [ 4 ] and inorganic [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%