Tuning Catalytic Attributes of Enzymes by Conjugation with Functionalized Carbon Dots

Can bacteria and carbon-based nanomaterials revolutionize nanoremediation strategies for industrial effluents?

“…This adaptability and efficiency cause CDs to be a promising tool for water purification because they can effectively eliminate contaminants and have the potential for adsorbent regeneration in cases of physical adsorption, thereby demonstrating their versatility in environmental cleanup efforts (Soni et al, 2024). Various mechanisms govern this interaction, such as electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and metal complexation (Cruz-Cruz et al, 2024). The process of adsorption may effectively eliminate contaminants from water.…”

“…These CBNs are then purified to enhance their effectiveness. Surface modification improves the compatibility of CBN with contaminants, while thorough characterization confirms the existence of functional groups and evaluates material properties, guaranteeing efficient removal of pollutants (Ningombam et al, 2024a;Cruz-Cruz et al, 2024;Hu et al, 2024).…”

“…These modifications facilitate bacterial attachment and growth and support electron transfer in bioelectrochemical systems, increasing the efficiency of the removal of complex organic pollutants. By incorporating antimicrobial agents or selecting specific microbial communities, the proliferation of harmful microorganisms can be minimized (Chen, Liu, and Liu, 2024;Cruz-Cruz et al, 2024). The development of advanced effluent treatment technologies, including microbial fuel cells and bioreactors, leverages these functionalization strategies to provide eco-friendly solutions to the challenges of industrial wastewater treatment (Hu et al, 2024;Jiang et al, 2024).…”

“…Frontiers in Nanotechnology frontiersin.org transfer facilitated by CBNs accelerates redox reactions critical for biodegradation. Recent advancements have highlighted how the interplay between bacteria and CBNs, including CNTs, G, and CDs, improves the removal of heavy metals, organic compounds, and other pollutants from wastewater (Dey et al, 2024a;Cruz-Cruz et al, 2024;Sam and Cao, 2024;Silah et al, 2024;Soni et al, 2024). The use of nanocomposites in effluent treatment represents a breakthrough in environmental remediation because they can adsorb and decompose pollutants while supporting water recycling and material regeneration.…”