“…With the advancement in SMJ construction methods, the one-molecule system is extensively studied. Initially, the focus of one-molecule systems was on researching the charge transport properties through individual molecules, which involved the investigation into the geometric structure of the molecule, intramolecular interactions, and the alignment of energy levels between electrodes and molecules. ,− Subsequently, extensive investigations have explored the impact of various physical stimuli on charge transport properties of the one-molecule system. These physical stimuli include electric fields, , electrochemical bias, mechanical forces, − thermal conditions, , light exposure, , and magnetic fields, − all of which contribute significantly to the modulation of SMJ behavior and characteristics.…”