With the efforts of researchers from all over the world, metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been booming rapidly in recent years. Generally, perovskite films are sensitive to surrounding conditions and will be changed under the action of physical fields, resulting in lattice distortion, degradation, ion migration, and so on. In this review, the progress of physical fields manipulation in PSCs, including the electric field, magnetic field, light field, stress field, and thermal field are reviewed. On this basis, the influences of these fields on PSCs are summarized and prospected. Finally, challenges and prospective research directions on how to make better use of external-fields while minimizing the unnecessary and disruptive impacts on commercial PSCs with high-efficiency and steady output are proposed.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202107556.
IntroductionRecent years, metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted widespread attention, and their power conversion efficiency (PCE) has been rapidly increased by more than 25%. [1] In order to obtain highly efficient photovoltaic devices, the fabrication process, the photoelectric properties of perovskite active layer, the interface contact, the electrode conductivity, and so on are all crucial. Researchers have made a lot of attempts, such as, adding dopants into the perovskite film to assist the crystallization, [2] adjusting the chemical composition of the perovskite layer to regulate its bandgap, [3] changing the preparation processes and conditions to improve the crystal quality, [4] designing