“…Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been widely used for various applications due to its excellent ultrasensitive molecular fingerprinting, and its non-destructive and photostable properties [1,2,3,4,5]. Much effort has been focused on the use of different nanoparticles (NPs) as a substrate for SERS detection, such as silver NPs [6,7], gold NPs [8,9,10,11], and metal-embedded graphene oxide [12,13]. Although these nanostructures can enhance the SERS signal, difficulty in controlling the density of hot spots on the surface of a SERS substrate makes them unsuitable for accurate quantitative SERS assays [14].…”