Tuning of physical and electrochemical properties of nanocrystalline tungsten oxide through ultraviolet photoactivation

Jang

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

Electrochromic (EC) energy storage devices represent a cutting‐edge technology visually indicating stored energy status in real time through color change. Herein, extremely simple single‐layer electrochromic supercapacitors (SL‐ECSs) based on energy storage EC ion gels are proposed. The operation of SL‐ECSs follows Fick's law because of the diffusive nature of mass transport of all redox species. Therefore, the diffusion dynamics are tuned by tailoring fundamental parameters, the diffusion coefficient, and concentration gradient, and the availability of energy storage is maximized by reducing residual charges that cannot be extracted during the normal discharge process. In terms of the two critical metrics of ECSs, areal capacitance (Careal) and transmittance contrast between charged and discharged states (ΔT), the performance of SL‐ECSs (Careal ≈ 43.0 mF cm–2 and ΔT ≈ 96.8%) is favorably compared with previously reported ECSs. The capacitance retention remains at >80% even after continuous charge/discharge cyclic operations for 3000 min without specific encapsulation. Moreover, the practical multi‐functionality of the SL‐ECS is successfully demonstrated as a power source and applied force monitoring platform. It is expected that the SL‐ECS will be a simple but versatile component of high‐performance, ultra‐small functional electronics.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring Diffusion Dynamics in Energy Storage Ionic Conductors for High‐Performance, Multi‐Function, Single‐Layer Electrochromic Supercapacitors

Jang

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

“…In this line, the processes of particle generation are intensively studied. An interesting material is Tungsten, known as a transition metal with outstanding physical and chemical properties, a high melting point, around 3400°C, having electrochemical properties [19], and a low sputtering rate. Tungsten and tungsten oxides are involved in large-scale applications in fusion technology, where we can note the importance of W material in the divertor region of ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) facility [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tungsten particles fabrication by a microjet discharge

Mărăscu

Lazea-Stoyanova

Bonciu

et al. 2020

Mater. Res. Express

As a consequence of interaction of a microjet discharge with the tungsten electrodes, tungsten material is released to plasma, and tungsten particles, of submicron size, are formed. The obtained particles were analyzed to establish a correlation of their morphology, size distribution and chemical composition with the discharge configuration and distance to collector. Experimental conditions were identified leading to spherical tungsten particles.

Utilizing water hyacinth extract as an eco‐friendly electrolyte substitute for electrochromic devices

Philomina,

Biswapriya

2024

EcoEnergy

In this study, an entirely biodegradable and cations‐rich Water hyacinth (WH) (Eichhorniacrassipes) extract is used as the electrolyte in electrochromic devices. The active electrodes are fabricated by applying a layer of nanocrystalline orthorhombic WO3 onto 5 × 5 cm2 fluorinated tin oxide plates using an indigenous formulation. The electrolyte utilized is the juice derived from WH plants without any modifications. The devices exhibit a transmission contrast of around 46% and 82% at wavelengths of 600 nm and >1000 nm, respectively, between the colored and bleached states. Additionally, they have a rapid coloration/bleaching time of 10 and 4.6 s with coloration efficiency value around 52 cm2/C. Investigations have indicated that the electrolyte's sodium ion concentration is likely the key behind the electrochromic process in this system. Using pectin as a natural gelling agent results in the formation of a gel polymer electrolyte that is mechanically resilient. The electrochromic systems created utilizing this electrolyte exhibit exceptional cyclic stability, lasting for 16 000 s of uninterrupted voltage sweep.