Tuning the Fermi Level of TiO<sub>2</sub> Electron Transport Layer through Europium Doping for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Xu, Zhe; Wu, Jihuai; Wu, Tiefeng; Bao, Quanlin; He, Xin; Lan, Zhang; Lin, Jianming; Huang, Miaoliang; Huang, Yunfang; Fan, Leqin

doi:10.1002/ente.201700377

Cited by 48 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The reducing of R s reveals more efficient electron extraction at the interface of TiO 2 /CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 . In addition, TiO 2 ‐Pt based device demonstrated a high series resistance of R s comparted with some reported ones . Generally, R s is composed of the R sr of the electrodes, and the R CT inside the perovskite thin film and at the interface of the perovskite/electron transporting layer.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Enhanced Electrical Property of Compact TiO₂ Layer via Platinum Doping for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2018

Solar RRL

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The electron-transporting layer (ETL) plays a critical role in improving the charge extraction and suppressing the carrier recombination in planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Compact titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) film is a widely used as an ETL in conventional n-i-p PSCs. However, there is still much room for improvement in the electron mobility and reducing the oxygen vacancies of the compact TiO 2 film. Herein, Pt-doped TiO 2 film with outstanding electron-transporting property and complete coverage on the substrates is reported by the authors. Pt-doping results in a tailed band level of TiO 2 , which could suppress the charge accumulation at the interface of TiO 2 -Pt/perovskite. Consequently, TiO 2 -Pt ETL based PSCs deliver a power conversion efficiency as high as 20.05% with an open-circuit voltage of 1.15 V, a fill factor of 0.75, a short-circuit current density of 23.83 mA cm À2 and remarkably alleviated hysteresis behavior.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 56%

Enhanced Electrical Property of Compact TiO₂ Layer via Platinum Doping for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2018

Solar RRL

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“…[ 6,8–10 ] To date, titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is known to be an excellent electron transporting material, its efficiency having been proven in many perovskite‐based optoelectronic devices. [ 11,12 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All‐Ambient‐Processed CuSCN as an Inexpensive Alternative to Spiro‐OMeTAD for Perovskite‐Based Devices

Asuo

Bouzidi

et al. 2020

Energy Tech

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Organic hole-transporting materials (HTM) are widely used for high-efficiency solar cells. However, compared with their inorganic counterparts, these materials are often expensive and require complex synthesis methods and the addition of costly dopants to improve their performance. In addition, exposure to the ambient environment affects the chemical stability of some organic materials as well as their device characteristics. Herein, an all-ambient fabrication method is used to develop a CuSCN layer as an alternative to the conventional Spiro-OMeTAD HTM. CuSCN thin films are incorporated into both solar cells and photodetectors to study their effect on the optoelectronic properties of these devices. For the solar cells made with CuSCN, a power conversion efficiency of 14.3% is achieved, with remarkable ambient-stability without encapsulation. Regarding the photodetectors with CuSCN, high-specific detectivity up to 10 12 Jones is exhibited. Solution-processed devices exhibit overall impressive performances and represent an essential step toward large-scale fabrication of efficient, stable, facile, and inexpensive perovskite-based optoelectronic technologies.

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“…Mg is reported as an ideal doping metal element to regulate the band position of TiO 2 . For Mg‐doped TiO 2 , the promoted CBM and the depressed valence band maximum (VBM) can effectively hinder holes from perovskite layer, demonstrating a higher V oc . Some other metal elements, e.g., lanthanum (La) and europium ion (Eu 3+ ), can also upshift the CBM of TiO 2 toward perovskite without obvious change in the morphology of TiO 2 .…”

Section: Doped Etls In Perovskite Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doped Charge‐Transporting Layers in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Wang

Liao

2018

Advanced Optical Materials

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mesostructured semiconductor (m-TiO 2 , m-SnO 2 , and m-ZnO) or insulating (Al 2 O 3 , and ZrO 2 ) metal oxide as the electrontransporting layer (ETL) and/or scaffold layer is fabricated on the compact layer, following by a coating of the perovskite active layer. A hole-transporting layer (HTL) is then deposited, followed by the evaporation of a metal anode. [7][8][9] However, the deposition of the mesoscopic ETLs generally needs a processing temperature which is higher than 450 °C to improve the optoelectrical properties of the mesoporous layer. [10] The mesostructured semiconductor scaffold can be totally removed when fabricating the planar devices with an n-i-p structure (e.g., fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/TiO 2 /MAPbI 3−x Cl x /Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag). In addition, planar PSCs with an p-i-n construction have also been fabricated by using poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the hole-transporting layer and fullerene derivatives as the electron-transporting layer. [11] Compared to mesoscopic devices, the fabrication of planar heterojunction (PHJ) PSCs does not need high temperature process, offering possibilities of achieving flexible devices on plastic substrates and demonstrating potential application in lightweight and wearable electronics. Great efforts have been devoted to fabricate high-performance planar PSCs including the perovskite morphology and crystal optimization, [12,13] the optimal selection of HTLs, and the rational design of ETLs. [14,15] Particularly, both HTL and ETL play very important role in enhancing the device performance of the planar PSCs. For example, 6,6-phenylC61butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is a commonly used ETM in p-i-n PSCs. After that, more and more electrontransporting materials (ETMs), such as TiO 2 , [16] ZnO, [17] WO 3 , [18] SnO 2 , [19] and ZnSnO 4 [20] with decreased cost, are developed for n-i-p PSCs. For HTMs, 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis-(N,N-dip-methoxyphenylamine) 9,9′-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT), and poly-triarylamine (PTAA) are utilized in n-i-p PSCs. [21] What is more, PEDOT:PSS, NiO, CuI, CuSCN, CuO x , MoO x , graphene oxide (GO), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have been widely employed as HTMs in p-i-n PSCs. [22][23][24][25][26][27] With significant efforts on proposing device architectures, optimizing perovskite compositions, developing new deposition techniques for high-quality perovskite films, and designning various HTLs and ETLs, the PCE of the planar PSCs has been reached over 23%. Nevertheless, PSCs are still in the early stages for commercialization owing to their existing issues such as unsatisfied efficiency, unstable device performance, Organometal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are brought to the forefront of research focus in photovoltaics field with a rapid efficiency rising over 22% in the past few years. Interface engineering with suitable hole-transporting layer (HTL) and/or electron-transporting layer (ETL) plays very important roles in controlling the charge carrier behavior in...

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Tuning the Fermi Level of TiO₂ Electron Transport Layer through Europium Doping for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 48 publications

References 35 publications

Enhanced Electrical Property of Compact TiO₂ Layer via Platinum Doping for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Enhanced Electrical Property of Compact TiO₂ Layer via Platinum Doping for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

All‐Ambient‐Processed CuSCN as an Inexpensive Alternative to Spiro‐OMeTAD for Perovskite‐Based Devices

Doped Charge‐Transporting Layers in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

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Tuning the Fermi Level of TiO2 Electron Transport Layer through Europium Doping for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 48 publications

References 35 publications

Enhanced Electrical Property of Compact TiO2 Layer via Platinum Doping for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Enhanced Electrical Property of Compact TiO2 Layer via Platinum Doping for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

All‐Ambient‐Processed CuSCN as an Inexpensive Alternative to Spiro‐OMeTAD for Perovskite‐Based Devices

Doped Charge‐Transporting Layers in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Tuning the Fermi Level of TiO₂ Electron Transport Layer through Europium Doping for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Enhanced Electrical Property of Compact TiO₂ Layer via Platinum Doping for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Enhanced Electrical Property of Compact TiO₂ Layer via Platinum Doping for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells