Tunnelling effects on lateral behavior of pile rafts in layered soil

Mu, Linlong; Huang, Maosong; Finno, Richard J.

doi:10.1016/j.tust.2011.10.010

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Employing the finite difference method, one can get vertical and horizontal equilibrium equations for a single pile in soils. Details of the finite difference method for the single pile can be found in reference , and . The equilibrium equations can be written as:

({boldI}^{0} - \frac{n_{0}^{2} E_{p 0} d_{0}}{4 L_{0}^{2}} {boldI}_{italicpv}^{0} {boldI}_{italicsv}^{0}) {boldq}^{0} = {boldY}_{v}^{0}

({boldI}^{0} - \frac{n_{0}^{4} E_{p 0} I_{p 0}}{L_{0}^{4}} {boldI}_{italicpL}^{0} {boldI}_{italicsL}^{0}) {boldp}^{0} = {boldY}_{L}^{0}

where I 0 is a unit matrix, E p 0 is the elastic modulus of the pile, d 0 is the diameter of the pile, L 0 is the length of the pile, n 0 is the total number of the elements along the pile, I p 0 is the moment of inertia of the pile,

I_{pv}^{0}

is the vertical pile flexibility matrix of the pile,

I_{pL}^{0}

is the horizontal pile flexibility matrix of the pile, q 0 is the vertical nodal soil resistance force vector of the pile and p 0 is the horizontal nodal soil resistance force vector of the pile,

{boldY}_{v}^{0} = {({}, \begin{array}{c} center & \frac{2 Q_{0}}{π d_{0} δ_{0}} & 0 & \dots & 0 & 0 \end{array})}^{T}

, δ 0 = L 0 / n 0 ,

{boldY}_{L}^{0} = ({}, \begin{array}{c} center & \frac{2 δ_{0}^{3} T_{0} + 2 δ_{0}^{2} M_{0}}{δ_{0}^{4}} & - δ_{0}^{2} M_{0} \end{array})

…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The element in the i th row and j th column in the matrix

I_{sL}^{0}

I_{italicsL, italicij}^{0}

represents the horizontal soil movement at the i th node of the soil around the pile caused by a unit horizontal load acting on the j th node of the soil around the pile.

I_{sv}^{0}

and

I_{sL}^{0}

can be obtained from the analytical solutions for asymmetric problems in multilayered system as mentioned in Mu et al.…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interactions between soil elements are defined as the soil surface–soil surface interaction. The soil surface–soil surface interaction factors,

ξ_{up}^{jg}

and

ξ_{wq}^{jg}

, can be obtained based on the solutions for the asymmetric problem in multilayered systems (Reference ).…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of pile‐raft foundations under complex loads in layered soils

Huang

Kenan

2013

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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SUMMARY Considering there is hardly any concerted effort to analyze the pile‐raft foundations under complex loads (combined with vertical loads, horizontal loads and moments), an analysis method is proposed in this paper to estimate the responses of pile‐raft foundations which are subjected to vertical loads, horizontal loads and moments in layered soils based on solutions for stresses and displacements in layered elastic half space. Pile to pile, pile to soil surface, soil surface to pile and soil surface to soil surface interactions are key ingredients for calculating the responses of pile‐raft foundations accurately. Those interactions are fully taken into account to estimate the responses of pile‐raft foundations subject to vertical loads, horizontal loads and moments in layered soils. The constraints of the raft on vertical movements, horizontal movements and rotations of the piles as well as the constraints of the raft on vertical movements and horizontal movements of the soils are considered to reflect the coupled effect on the raft. The method is verified through comparisons with the published methods and FEM. Then, the method is adopted to investigate the influence of soil stratigraphy on pile responses. The study shows that it is necessary to consider the soil non‐homogeneity when estimating the responses of pile‐raft foundations in layered soils, especially when estimating the horizontal responses of pile‐raft foundations. The horizontal loads and the moments have a significant impact on vertical responses of piles in pile‐raft foundations, while vertical loads have little influence on horizontal responses of piles in pile‐raft foundations in the cases of small deformations. The proposed method can provide a simple and useful tool for engineering design. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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({boldI}^{0} - \frac{n_{0}^{2} E_{p 0} d_{0}}{4 L_{0}^{2}} {boldI}_{italicpv}^{0} {boldI}_{italicsv}^{0}) {boldq}^{0} = {boldY}_{v}^{0}

({boldI}^{0} - \frac{n_{0}^{4} E_{p 0} I_{p 0}}{L_{0}^{4}} {boldI}_{italicpL}^{0} {boldI}_{italicsL}^{0}) {boldp}^{0} = {boldY}_{L}^{0}

I_{pv}^{0}

is the vertical pile flexibility matrix of the pile,

I_{pL}^{0}

is the horizontal pile flexibility matrix of the pile, q 0 is the vertical nodal soil resistance force vector of the pile and p 0 is the horizontal nodal soil resistance force vector of the pile,

{boldY}_{v}^{0} = {({}, \begin{array}{c} center & \frac{2 Q_{0}}{π d_{0} δ_{0}} & 0 & \dots & 0 & 0 \end{array})}^{T}

, δ 0 = L 0 / n 0 ,

{boldY}_{L}^{0} = ({}, \begin{array}{c} center & \frac{2 δ_{0}^{3} T_{0} + 2 δ_{0}^{2} M_{0}}{δ_{0}^{4}} & - δ_{0}^{2} M_{0} \end{array})

…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The element in the i th row and j th column in the matrix

I_{sL}^{0}

I_{italicsL, italicij}^{0}

represents the horizontal soil movement at the i th node of the soil around the pile caused by a unit horizontal load acting on the j th node of the soil around the pile.

I_{sv}^{0}

and

I_{sL}^{0}

can be obtained from the analytical solutions for asymmetric problems in multilayered system as mentioned in Mu et al.…”

Section: Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of pile‐raft foundations under complex loads in layered soils

Huang

Kenan

2013

Num Anal Meth Geomechanics

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“…The analytical method proposed by [22] is widely recognized as one of the most important solutions for the problem [23,27,28]. And the empirical method proposed by [27] based on the analytical method [22] is proved to be the most useful method employed in practice [11,13,14,20]. Thus, the closed form of the empirical solution of free-field soil deformation induced by tunnelling is employed in this study for its easy application in layered soils:…”

Section: Free-field Soil Movement Induced By Tunnellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The two-stage method was proved to be the procedure that is most likely to be used in practice to calculate pile responses induced by tunnelling [8,[10][11][12]. Based on analytical solutions for a multilayered soil system, some authors extended the two-stage method from a homogeneous soil system to a layered soil system [13,14]. Since then, most investigations concerned pile responses in the vertical or horizontal directions separately, while in practice vertical and horizontal responses occur simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Method for Evaluation of Coupled Responses of a Multidirectionally Loaded Pile-Raft Foundation Induced by Tunnelling in Layered Soils

Huang

2015

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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The tunnelling effect on a pile-raft foundation is usually studied in either the horizontal or vertical direction separately, while, in practice, the responses of a pile-raft foundation induced by tunnelling in the horizontal and vertical directions occur simultaneously. Typically, a pile-raft foundation is usually loaded by vertical and horizontal loads and moments when a tunnel is constructed. Since little effort has been conducted to evaluate the coupled responses of multidirectionally loaded pile-raft foundations subjected to tunnelling, a modified two-stage method is proposed in this paper to evaluate the coupled responses of a multidirectionally loaded pile-raft foundation in layered soil. After careful verification of the method, a parametric study was carried out to evaluate whether it is necessary to consider the influences of tunnelling on a loaded pile-raft foundation from the design stages. Our study showed that it is more necessary to consider the influence of tunnelling on a pile-raft foundation when the working load on the pile-raft foundation is small. When there was only a vertical load working on the raft, the horizontal deformation and the rotation of the raft, as well as any horizontal deformation and moment along the piles, were controlled by tunnelling.

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Effects of Tunneling on Underground Infrastructures

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Tunnelling and Underground Construction

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Tunnelling effects on lateral behavior of pile rafts in layered soil

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

Analysis of pile‐raft foundations under complex loads in layered soils

Analysis of pile‐raft foundations under complex loads in layered soils

Analytical Method for Evaluation of Coupled Responses of a Multidirectionally Loaded Pile-Raft Foundation Induced by Tunnelling in Layered Soils

Effects of Tunneling on Underground Infrastructures

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