Turbulent mass transfer and rates of combustion in confined turbulent flames

Howe, N.M.; Shipman, C.W.; Vranos, A.

doi:10.1016/s0082-0784(63)80009-0

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Absolute magnitudes of turbulent stress calculated for the flame were about half the values obtained in the isothermal case and there were significant variations of turbulent Prandtl number in both axial and radial directions. These results were in agreement with the previous evidence of reduction in mixing rates and exchange coefficients in flames as compared to isothermal jets (Kremer, 1967;Howe, Shipman and Vranos, 1963).…”

supporting

confidence: 93%

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Mixing Processes in a Free Turbulent Diffusion Flame

Chigier

Strokin

1974

Combustion Science and Technology

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An experimental study has been made of a pure gaseous turbulent diffusion flame issuing from a circular orifice into stagnant room temperature air surroundings. Measurements have been made in the flame and corresponding nonburning jet, of temperature, velocity, specie concentration and turbulence intensity by the gas tracer diffusion method. The potential core region in the flame is longer than in the cold jet and the rate of spread of the flame is slower than in the corresponding cold jet. Empirical equations are given for the decay along the axis of velocity and concentration as well as for the radial profiles. Diffusion coefficients in the flame are lower than those in the cold jet near the nozzle and this situation is reversed in the far flow region. Turbulence intensities are lower in the flame than in the cold jet. The diffusion coefficient in a flame is not constant. Turbulence intensities determined by the gas tracer diffusion method compares favourably with alternative methods of measuring turbulence in flames. t d Re P D

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supporting

confidence: 93%

“…In order to avoid multiple differentiation of experimental data; the method of calculation used by Howe, Shipman and Vranos (1963) was extended to the axisymmetrical case.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing Processes in a Free Turbulent Diffusion Flame

Chigier

Strokin

1974

Combustion Science and Technology

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“…Also, for unconfined oblique flames they have shown that, due to product gas expansion, there is appreciable deflection of streamlines'approaching the flame and that one overestimates the flame speed if this deflection is not taken into account. This deflection is confirmed by Bill et al 8 for unconfined flames, and for confined duct flames Ho we et al 9 have reported velocity measurements where deflection of cold flow streamlines is evident. Another possible problem with the published data, as noted by Libby et al, 3 is that flame-speed data come from a variety of configurations-normal flames, unconfined oblique flames, and from flames in reaction vessels.…”

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confidence: 75%

Temperature and Velocity Measurements in Premixed Turbulent Flames

Dandekar

Gouldin

1982

AIAA Journal

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Turbulent flame-speed data for premixed flames of methane-air, propane-air, and ethylene-air mixtures stabilized in grid turbulence are reported and discussed. It is shown that turbulence effects on flame speed cannot be correlated fully by the turbulence length scale and rms velocity in the cold flow. Rather there appear to be significant flame-flow turbulence interactions affecting both turbulence level in the reaction zone and measured flame speeds. Results of detailed velocity measurements, including autocorrelations, by laser velocimetry are used to elucidate the nature of these interactions. It is concluded that flame-speed experiments must be designed and conducted to provide sufficient information (e.g., boundary conditions) to allow for reconstruction of the flowfield and these interactions by modelers if the data are to be of value in turbulent combustion model development and evaluation. Nomenclature ? = integral scale of turbulence P = pressure R ( = turbulence Reynolds number, uV/v R x = microscale turbulence Reynolds number, u\/v S L = laminar flame speed S T = turbulent flame speed u = rms velocity, = vw 77 u" = U-U U = instantaneous velocity U = Favre average velocity U = Reynolds average velocity e = Favre average energy dissipation rate X =Tay lor's microscale p = gas density p(r) = autocorrelation coefficient, =

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Flame Propagation and Heat-Transfer Effects in Spark Ignition Engines

Borgnakke

1984

Fuel Economy

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Turbulent mass transfer and rates of combustion in confined turbulent flames

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Mixing Processes in a Free Turbulent Diffusion Flame

Mixing Processes in a Free Turbulent Diffusion Flame

Temperature and Velocity Measurements in Premixed Turbulent Flames

Flame Propagation and Heat-Transfer Effects in Spark Ignition Engines

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