Turgor regulation in hyphal organisms

Lew, Roger R.; Levina, Natalia; Walker, Sophie K.; Garrill, Ashley

doi:10.1016/j.fgb.2004.07.007

Cited by 61 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…This would suggest that mass flow can occur in an oomycete mycelium but that this might require fine tuning of hyphal turgor. While previous studies have suggested that oomycetes cannot regulate turgor, it is possible that the methodologies used in previous work (Lew et al, 2004) may have missed the finer elements of turgor regulation. Clearly, the topic of turgor regulation in these organisms is one that warrants further investigation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In our earlier work studying turgor regulation in A. bisexualis, we exposed hyphae to both a hyper-and a hypo-osmotic shock (Lew et al, 2004). As hyphae were unable to recover from the hyperosmotic shock, it was concluded that they were unable to regulate turgor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One oomycete, Achlya bisexualis, lacks the ability to regulate turgor as it is unable to recover turgor after a hyperosmotic shock (Lew et al, 2004). It is not known whether this is the case for all oomycetes, but in this species at least, turgor is simply determined by the external osmotic potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A pressure gradient facilitates mass flow in the oomycete Achlya bisexualis

Muralidhar

Swadel

Spiekerman³

et al. 2016

Microbiology

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We have used a single cell pressure probe and observed movement of microinjected oil droplets to investigate mass flow in the oomycete Achlya bisexualis. To facilitate these experiments, split Petri dishes that had media containing different sorbitol concentrations (and hence a different osmotic potential) on each side of the dish were inoculated with a single zoospore. An initial germ tube grew out from this and formed a mycelium that extended over both sides of the Petri dish. Hyphae growing on the 0 M sorbitol side of the dish had a mean turgor (¡SEM) of 0.53¡0.03 MPa (n513) and on the 0.3 M sorbitol side had a mean turgor (¡SEM) of 0.3¡0.027 MPa (n59). Oil droplets that had been microinjected into the hyphae moved towards the lower turgor area of the mycelia (i.e. retrograde movement when microinjected into hyphae on the 0 M sorbitol side of the split Petri dish and anterograde movement when microinjected into hyphae on the 0.3 M sorbitol side of the Petri dish). In contrast, the movement of small refractile vesicles occurred in both directions irrespective of the pressure gradient. Experiments with neutral red indicate that the dye is able to move through the mycelia from one side of a split Petri dish to the other, suggesting that there is no compartmentation. This study shows that hyphae that are part of the same mycelia can have different turgor pressures and that this pressure gradient can drive mass flow.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A pressure gradient facilitates mass flow in the oomycete Achlya bisexualis

Muralidhar

Swadel

Spiekerman³

et al. 2016

Microbiology

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“…Measurements of the intracellular hydrostatic pressure (turgor) were as described by Lew et al (2004) and Lew & Levina (2007). A micropipette filled with silicon oil was impaled into the cell, and the pressure required to bring the oil/cell sap interface to the micropipette tip was measured with a pressure transducer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the immediate responses to hyperosmotic shock in fungi is a transient depolarization of the electrical potential (Lew et al, 2004). In this paper, we explore the nature of this electrical response in the context of the time-courses of immediate (turgor loss, hyphal shrinkage and growth arrest) and long-term (sustained hyperpolarization and growth resumption during turgor recovery) responses to hyperosmotic shock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient responses during hyperosmotic shock in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa

Lew

Nasserifar

2009

Microbiology

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Fungal cells maintain an internal hydrostatic pressure (turgor) of about 400-500 kPa. In the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, the initial cellular responses to hyperosmotic treatment are loss of turgor, a decrease in relative hyphal volume per unit length (within 1 min) and cell growth arrest; all recover over a period of 10-60 min due to increased net ion uptake and glycerol production. The electrical responses to hyperosmotic treatment are a transient depolarization of the potential (within 1 min), followed by a sustained hyperpolarization (after 4 min) to a potential more negative than the initial potential (a driving force for ion uptake). The nature of the transient depolarization was explored in the context of other transient responses to hyperosmotic shock, to determine whether activation of a specific ion permeability or some other rapid change in electrogenic transport was responsible. Changing the ionic composition of the extracellular medium revealed that K + permeability increases and H + permeability declines during the transient depolarization. We suggest that these changes are due to concerted inhibition of the electrogenic H + -ATPase, and an increase in a K + conductance. Knockout mutants of known K + (tok, trk, trm-8, hak-1) and Cl " (a clc-3 homologue) channels and transporters had no effect on the transient depolarization, but trk and hak-1 do play a role in osmoadaptation, as does a homologue of a serine kinase regulator of H + -ATPase in yeast, Ptk2.

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Response Mechanisms to Chemical and Physical Stresses in Yeast and Filamentous Fungi

Skoneczny

Skoneczna

2018

Stress Response Mechanisms in Fungi

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Turgor regulation in hyphal organisms

Cited by 61 publications

References 44 publications

A pressure gradient facilitates mass flow in the oomycete Achlya bisexualis

A pressure gradient facilitates mass flow in the oomycete Achlya bisexualis

Transient responses during hyperosmotic shock in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa

Response Mechanisms to Chemical and Physical Stresses in Yeast and Filamentous Fungi

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