Turismo y desarrollo sustentable: contribución de Hispanoamérica

Abstract

ResumenEl multicitado concepto desarrollo sustentable y su aplicación al turismo plantean la interrogante sobre la tendencia y las contribuciones del mundo académico hispanoamericano al tema. Con el fin de establecer las aportaciones y tendencias de la investigación en torno al desarrollo sustentable y el turismo, se hizo una revisión de revistas científicas en Redalyc y Eumed. Los artículos se buscaron con las palabras clave: desarrollo sustentable/sostenible y turismo. Con este criterio se seleccionaron 128 documentos, que se revisaron a partir de los enfoques débil y fuerte y sus tendencias. Se encontró que la revista con mayor contenido acerca del tema es Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo; además, 1991 fue el año en que en Hispanoamérica se inició la discusión al respecto y el enfoque dominante fue el débil. Palabras claveEnfoque, sustentable/sostenible, tendencias.

Using Bibliometric Methods to Shed Light on the Concept of Sustainable Tourism

“…Therefore, the first period contains terms such as "nature-based tourism", "flagship species", "local community", "Costa Rica", "biodiversity", "Galapagos-islands", "wildlife", "Australia" and "ecotourism", which are the terms with the highest degree of closeness. All these keywords are related to the environmental areas studies and confirm the inertia that was seen in the hierarchy analysis, which concludes that the concept of sustainable tourism emerges as an approach to give answers and identify problematic realities such as the issue of environmental damage and the priority of protecting ecosystems [65,66].…”

“…Additionally, the term "climate change" is consolidated, and new terms emerge that respond to new trends in other research areas that are also addressed from the context of the tourism sector. Thus, terms such as "attitude", "governance", "models" or "perceptions" that respond to innovations in the field of social sciences in relation to the modification of attitudes appear [65]. They are the result of socio-economic changes and processes that overflow from a specific area of knowledge and permeate multiple disciplines, such as tourism, interconnecting, and drawing a multi-and interdisciplinary map [66].…”

“…Its transition to the real world has been and is still, complicated [2]. Sustainable tourism has evolved from a purely reactive concept, under which the negative impacts of tourism and how to mitigate them to protect nature (in the first period) were studied, towards a proactive concept [2,65,66], where the focus is open to implementation. Lane [2] spoke to this proactive approach that management models will develop innovation and competitiveness through management (as the third period reflects).…”

“…This expansion of the cognitive and semantic boundaries of sustainable tourism as a concept is the consequence of the fact that sustainable tourism has reached a complexity over the course of the years that is reflected in its current polyhedral content to function as a conceptual umbrella under which we find very different realities of various kinds and has emerged at the same time a way of approaching the study of the phenomenon of tourism, in a focus on the analysis of tourism from which issues that arise in other wider areas of knowledge from which researchers move social, environmental, economic and political issues are problematized [65].…”

La sostenibilidad en el discurso promocional de las empresas enoturísticas del estado de Guanajuato, México

“…Pese a lo anterior, las interpretaciones derivadas sobre estos tres ejes no han sido homogéneas (Chávez et al, 2013). Estas asimetrías se observan de manera constante en lo denominado sostenible en tanto se le otorgue más peso a un eje que a otro.…”