Türk Civanperçemi (Achillea gypsicola Hub. Mor.) Hücre Süspansiyon Kültürlerinde Fenilpropanoid Metabolitlerin Işık Aracılığıyla Biosentezi

Abstract

Turkish yarrow (Achillea gypsicola Hub. Mor.) contains medicinally valuable bioactive metabolites. Light plays a key role in many physiological events in plants such as the accumulation of phenylpropanoid metabolites, particularly photosynthesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of light on the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid metabolites and biomass growth in Turkish yarrow cell suspension cultures. In vitro plantlets obtained from seeds were used as explant sources and cell cultures of A. gypsicola were established using stem segment-derived callus tissues. Then, 8day-old cell cultures kept in a B5 medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BA (benzylaminopurine)+0.5 mg/L NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) were incubated in light and dark environments. Cells were harvested five times (1 st , 2 nd , 3 rd , 6 th , and 12 th day) in total. The amount of camphor was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Other parameters were calculated using the spectrophotometric method. The total phenolic amount increased depending on the sampling time in dark and light conditions. Phenolic accumulation was increased by 29.25% compared to the initial culture. Also, light application increased the amount of camphor 1.12 times, the amount of flavanol 4.9 times, and the amount of flavonol 0.5 times. These results clearly demonstrate the effect of light on cell growth and phenylpropanoid metabolite accumulation in A. gypsicola cell cultures.

Callus formation and camphor aggregation in response to sorbitol stimulated osmotic stress in yarrow

“…Classical plant production methods and the extraction of secondary metabolites prove more resource-intensive and time-consuming compared to cell cultures. Hence, tissue culture techniques, particularly callus culture, emerge as popular methods for secondary metabolite production (Açıkgöz et al, 2018a;Açıkgöz et al, 2018b;Açıkgöz et al, 2022;Dağlioğlu et al, 2022;Ebru et al, 2022;Açıkgöz et al, 2023). Callus culture efficiently generates products of specific quality and standards, enhances genetic diversity, introduces new compounds absent in the mother plant, optimizes space utilization, and utilizes minimal resources.…”