Turkey’s Domestic Car TOGG in the Framework of New Trends in Electric Vehicles and Consumer Ethnocentrism

Abstract

Rising energy demands, and technological requirements are causing the world to focus more and more on Electric Vehicles (EVs). Developing technologies for these needs accelerate the development of smart and sustainable transportation and builds smart cities of the future. In this context, Turkey’s Automobile Enterprise Group, known as TOGG, was established in Turkey in 2018 with six partners and joined the EV market. In this study, new trends and emerging EV technologies such as wireless charging, smart power distribution, vehicle-to-home and vehicle-to-grid systems, connected vehicles, and autonomous driving for EVs are compared with TOGG technology; and its potential effects on the market are evaluated within the framework of consumer ethnocentrism. It also provides perspectives and recommendations for future smart transportation to serve as a guide for the future technological development and commercialization of EVs