“…As teachers navigate the complexities of diverse classrooms and dynamic learning environments, they encounter many challenges that require thoughtful analysis, creative thinking, and adaptive decision-making (Beetham & Sharpe, 2019;Levy & Murnane, 2004;Zeichner & Liston, 2014). Whether it is addressing student misconceptions, adapting instructional strategies to meet diverse learning needs, or managing classroom disruptions, the ability to solve problems effectively lies at the heart of teaching practice (Henson, 2003;Saka et al, 2024;Van Zoest et al, 2017). Thus, cultivating problem-solving skills is critical for enhancing teaching effectiveness and promoting student learning and academic achievement (Ajani & Khoalenyane, 2023;Hattie, 2009;Jonassen, 2011;Schoenfeld, 1992).…”