Turkish Standardization of Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale

Abstract

Background: Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS) were developed as standard tools to rate Parkinson's disease (PD) and drug-induced dyskinesias of PD. As these scales have become widely used, there is a need for translation to non-English languages. Here we present the standardization for the Turkish translations. Methods: The scales were translated into Turkish and then back-translated to English. These backtranslations were reviewed by the MDS team. After cognitive pretesting, movement disorder specialists from nine centers tested 352 patients for MDS-UPDRS, and 250 patients for UDysRS. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were used to determine if the factor structures for the reference standards could be confirmed in the Turkish data. The comparative fit indexes (CFIs) for the scales were required to be 0.90 or higher. Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) were conducted to explore the underlying factor structure without the constraint of a pre-specified factor structure. Results: For both scales, the CFIs were 0.94 or greater as compared to the reference standard factor structures. The factor structures were consistent with that of reference standards, although there were some differences in some areas as compared to the EFA of the reference standard dataset. This may be due to the inclusion of patients with different stages of PD and different cultural properties of raters and patients.Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the Turkish translations of MDS-UPDRS and UDysRS have adequate clinimetric properties. They are established as the official translations and can be reliably used in Turkish speaking populations.

Validation of the Finnish Version of the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale

“…In the EFA, where variability from sample to sample is expected, identified isolated item differences of the factor structure were found between the Finnish and reference standard versions of the UDysRS. Also in previous UDysRS validations from other languages, such as Hebrew [19], Turkish [20], Hungarian [21], Slovak [22], and Italian [23], similar minor differences have been observed in relation to Spanish, the reference language. These subtle differences may relate to differences in sample composition or variations in disease status.…”

Clinical evaluation and resting state fMRI analysis of virtual reality based training in Parkinson’s disease through a randomized controlled trial

“…Motor evaluation included assessment of general disease level using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-motor (UPDRS-III) 26 , balance using Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABSC) 27 , 28 , mobility using Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) 29 , and functional capacity using Six Minute Walk Test (6MWT) 30 .…”

Effects of a rehabilitation program for Parkinson’s patients on reaction and movement time: an electromyographic study

“…The scale consisted of four different parts based on mentation, behavior, and mood; daily life activities, motor examination, and treatment complications. Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was performed by Akbostanci et al 12 Short Form-36 (SF-36) quality of life survey was used to evaluate the patients' quality of life before and after the exercise program. Turkish validity and reliability study of SF-36 was done by Koçyiğit et al 13…”