All over the world, the prevalence of cancer is increasing day by day with the increasing incidence of cancers and cancer-related mortality rates in Turkey. Cancer is one of the most important health problems due to frequent occurrence, high cost of treatment with mortality and morbidity, side effects that it creates. Taking precaution responsibilities against cancer is important among the health professionals, especially nurses. It is known that many well-known risk factors such as smoking, infections, avoidance of exposure to radiation, as well as healthy lifestyle behaviors such as healthy eating and physical exercise are effective in protecting from many types of cancer. Therefore, cancer risk factors and ways of protection should be known and publicized by health professionals.